Материал: Атлас Ханц фениш

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Sense organs

1 Isthmus of auricular cartilage. Isthmus car-

on the anti-

1

tilaginis auricularis. Narrow bridge of cartilage

tragus. They extend partly to the tail of the

connecting the cartilage of the external acoustic

helix. B

2

meatus and tragic lamina with the auricular

20 M. transversus auricularis. Muscle located on

cartilage. A

the posterior surface of the auricular cartilage.

2 Terminal notch. Incisura terminalis auricularis.

3

It extends between the eminences of the sca-

Deep notch separating the lamina tragi from the

phoid fossa and concha. C

auricular cartilage. A

21 M. obliquus auricularis. It lies between the

4

3

Fissura antitragohelicina. Deep fissure sepa-

eminences of the concha and triangular fossa. C

rating the antitragus and helix inferiorly as well

22 [M. incisurae helicis]. Muscle fibers occasion-

5

as the anthelix and helix further superiorly. A

ally present in the caudal continuation of trans-

4 Transverse sulcus of anthelix. [[Sulcus antheli-

versus auricularis muscle. C

6

cis transversus]]. Posteromedial depression vis-

23

OLFACTORY ORGAN. Organum olfactorium (ol-

ible between the eminences of the triangular

factus). Organ of smell.

fossa and concha. A

7

24 Nasal mucosa of the olfactory region. Regio

5

Groove of crus of helix. Sulcus cruris helicis.

Shallow furrow on the posterior surface of the

olfactoria tunicae mucosae nasi. This region,

which is covered by olfactory epithelium, is

8

auricular cartilage. It corresponds to the crus of

about the size of a

nickel and

occupies the

the helix on the anterior surface. A

lateral and medial walls and roof (below the cri-

6 Fossa of anthelix. Fossa anthelicis. Furrow on

9

briform plate) of the nasal cavity at the level of

posterior surface of auricular cartilage corre-

the superior nasal concha. E F

sponding to the anthelix on the anterior sur-

25 Olfactory glands (of Bowman). Glandulae ol-

10

face. A

factoriae. Serous glands found below the ol-

7

Eminence of concha. Eminentia conchae.

factory epithelium. Their predominantly serous

11

Elevation on the posterior surface of the auricu-

secretions can enhance or wash away odorous

lar cartilage corresponding to the cavity of the

substances. F

concha. A

26

GUSTATORY ORGAN.

Organum

gustatorium

12

8 Eminence of scaphoid fossa. Eminentia

(Gustus). Organ of taste, comprised of all the

scaphae. Curved elevation on the posterior sur-

taste buds.

13

face of the auricular cartilage corresponding to

27 Taste bud. Caliculus gustatorius (gemma gusta-

the scaphoid fossa on the anterior surface. A

toria). Occupying the full thickness of the

9

Eminence of triangular fossa. Eminentia fossae

14

epithelium, it consists of supporting cells and

triangularis. Elevation on the posterior surface

taste cells. Each of the taste cells has microvilli

of the auricular cartilage corresponding to the

on its surface which serve as chemoreceptors.

15

triangular fossa. A

Distribution of taste buds: aggregated in the

10

Auricular ligaments. Ligg. auricularia. Liga-

epithelium of vallate (circumvallate) and foliate

16

ments of the pinna. They attach the auricular

papillae; solitary on the outside of the tongue. D

cartilage to the temporal bone.

28 Taste pore. Porus gustatorius. Space left by the

17

11

Anterior auricular ligament. Lig. auriculare an-

epithelium above the apex of the taste bud. Mi-

crovilli project into it. D

terius. It extends from the root of the zygomatic

arch to the spine of the helix. B

1

1

SKIN (INTEGUMENT). Integumentum com-

16

Papillary layer. Stratum papillare. The delicate

mune. Common integument (skin). The outer

upper layer of the dermis with numerous con-

covering of the body consisting of three layers,

nective tissue papillae connecting it to the

2

the epidermis, dermis (corium) and subcutis. In

epidermis. A

the adult it covers an area of about 1.8 square

17

Papillae. Conical extensions of connective tissue

3

meters.

projecting into the epidermis. They may form

2

Cutis. Collective term for epidermis and der-

rows (dermal ridges) or branches and vary

4

mis.

18

markedly in form and organization. A E

3

Sulci of skin. Sulci cutis. Variably sized depres-

Reticular layer. Stratum reticulare. Part of der-

sions or furrows on the surface of the skin, e. g.,

mis adjoining the papillary layer. It consists of

5

the nasolabial sulcus,

the deep sulci of

the

more compact, densely interwoven connective

joints, the fine depressions on the smooth areas

tissue. A

of the skin, and the dermal ridges on the palms

19

Subcutaneous tissue. Tela subcutanea. Layer of

6

and soles. A

subcutaneous fatty tissue compartmentalized

4 Dermal ridges. Cristae cutis. Ridges produced

by fibrous tracts and firmly connected with the

7

by the underlying papillae of the corium on the

corium with mobile connections to the fascia. A

thick skin of the palms of the hands and soles of

20

Panniculus adiposus. The thicker layer of fat in

8

the feet. A

the subcutaneous tissue. A

5

Retinacula cutis. Bands of connective tissue

21

Terminal nerve corpuscles. Corpuscula nervosa

which attach the skin to the underlying tissue.

terminalia. Collective term for encapsulated

9

A

nerve endings.

6

Tactile elevations. Toruli tactiles. Skin regions

22

End bulbs of Krause (bulboid corpuscles).

10

with more abundant fat deposits, e. g., near the

Corpuscula bulboidea. Oval convolutions of

phalanges, thenar and hypothenar eminences.

nerve fibers found especially in the lamina pro-

B

pria of the mucosa. They are considered to be

11

7

Coccygeal foveola. [Foveola coccygea]. Pit

cold receptors. E

above the coccyx caused by the caudal reti-

23

Lamellated [[Vater-Pacini, pacinian]] cor-

12

naculum. C

puscles. Corpuscula lamellosa. Oval bodies, 2−

8

Caudal

retinaculum.

Retinaculum

3 mm long, with concentric layers of connective

Connective tissue remains of the embryonic

tissue surrounding an inner core (axon and

13

notochord lying between the coccygeal foveola

Schwann cells). They are pressure receptors

and the coccyx. C

found in the subcutaneous fat muscles and

14

9

Epidermis.

Stratified,

keratinized

viscera. A

24

Tactile

[[Meissner’s]] corpuscles. Corpuscula

epithelium covering the body. Its thickness var-

15

ies from 30 µm to 4 mm or more. A

tactus. These encapsulated sensory organs in the

10

Stratum corneum. Most superficial, cornified

connective papilla of the dermis measure about

(keratinized) layer of the epidermis which un-

0.1 mm in length and consist of transversely

oriented tactile cells within a ramified nerve

16

dergoes continual desquamation. A

network. A

11

Stratum

lucidum.

Located

between

the

25

Genital corpuscles. [[Corpuscula genitalia]]. El-

17

stratum granulosum and stratum corneum. It is

liptical, encapsulated nerve endings similar to

a homogeneous, strongly refractile layer rich in

the end bulbs of Krause and found abundantly in

eleidin fibers. A

18

the clitoris, glans and nipple. E

12

Stratum granulosum. It consists of 1−5

cell

26

Tactile

menisci

[[Merkel’s discs or cor-

layers

puscles]]. Menisci tractus. Flat group of light

19

contains

stongly

refractory

cells with intracellular neurofibrils. They occupy

granules. A

the epithelium. D

13 Stratum spinosum. Prickle cell layer. It consists

20

27

Articular corpuscles. [[Corpuscula

articu-

of polygonal cells

with spinous

laria]]. Modified

pacinian corpuscles

within

which project from their surfaces and contact

joint capsules.

21

each other by means of a desmosome. They ap-

pear to bridge over relatively large intercellular

spaces (shrinkage artifact). A

22

14

Stratum basale [cylindricum]. Deepest, cylin-

drical cell layer of the epidermis. Cell prolifera-

23

tion occurs here and in the stratum spinosum,

thus ensuring the continual renewal of the

24

epidermis. A

15

Dermis (corium). The layer of skin consisting of

an intimate network of collagenous and elastic

25

fibers rich in nerves and blood vessels and

devoid of fat. A