Материал: Атлас Ханц фениш

372

Sense organs

1

Ductus reuniens. Fine tube connecting the sac-

19

Spiral organ (of Corti). Organum spirale

1

cule with the cochlear duct. B

[[Corti]]. Sensory field on the basilar membrane

2

Saccule. Sacculus. Round vesicle, 2−3 mm in

that transforms sound waves into nerve im-

2

size, equipped with a sensory field. B

pulses. D

3

Maculae [[staticae]]. Sensory fields for the per-

20

Basilar membrane. Lamina basilaris. Plate of

3

ception of the position of the head in space. A B

connective tissue between the cochlear duct

4

Utricular

macula. Macula utriculi. Horizon-

and scala tympani. It extends between the tym-

tally oriented sensory field, 2.3−3 mm in size,

panic lip of the osseous spiral lamina and the

4

spiral crest. E

occupying the floor of the utricle. B

5

Saccular

macula. Macula sacculi. Vertically

21 Spiral crest (ligament). Crista spiralis (lig. spi-

5

oriented, arched sensory field, about 1.5 mm

rale). Spirally arranged system of fibers arising

from the periosteum of the cochlear canal and

wide; in the medial wall of the saccule. B

6

Statoconia. Calcium concretions, up to 15 µm

radiating into the basilar lamina. E

6

22

Nerve foramina. Foramina nervosa. Holes in the

in size, embedded in a gelatinous substance to-

basilar lamina

for transmission of

cochlear

gether with the sensory hairs. A

7

nerve fibers from the hair cells to the spiral gan-

7

Statoconial membrane. Membrana stato-

glion. D

coniorum. Membrane covering the maculae and

23

Limbus

of osseous spiral

lamina. Limbus

8

consisting

of a gelatinous ground

substance

laminae spiralis osseae. Thickening and trans-

with statoconia on its surface. It is penetrated by

formation of the endosteum on the upper layer

bristle-like processes from underlying macular

of the osseous spiral lamina indented externally

9

sensory cells. A

by the internal spiral sulcus. E

8

[[Neuroepithelium]].

Pseudostratified,

pris-

24 Vestibular lip of limb of osseous spiral lamina.

10

matic, sensory epithelium of the macula con-

Labium

limbi

vestibulare.

Upper,

shorter

sisting of

supporting

and sensory

cells. The

process of the limbus. Site of attachment of the

sensory cells bear 20−25 µm long bristle-like

tectorial membrane. E

11

processes which project into the

statoconial

25

Typmpanic lip

of limb of

osseous spiral

membrane. A

9

Labyrinthus

cochlearis.

lamina.

Labium limbi

tympanicum. Lower,

Cochlear

labyrinth.

12

longer process of the limbus lying on the basilar

Complex contents of the osseous cochlea. C

membrane. D E

10 Perilymphatic space. Spatium perilymphati-

26

Membrana

tectoria.

13

Tectorial

membrane.

cum. Space occupied by perilymph and partially

Fibrous membrane resting on the organ of Corti.

permeated by connective tissue fibers. It in-

It is narrow at the site where it attaches to the

14

cludes the scala vestibuli and tympani. A B

vestibular lip and ends freely beyond the row of

11

Scala vestibuli. Perilymphatic canal located

outer hair cells. D E

above the osseous spiral lamina and cochlear

27 Auditory teeth. Dentes acustici. The ridge-like

15

duct. It ascends as far as the apex of the cochlea

rows of cells on the surface of the vestibular lip.

(helicotrema). C

The tectorial membrane attaches near here. D

16

12

Scala tympani. Perilymphatic canal below the

28

Internal spiral sulcus. Sulcus spiralis internus.

13

osseous spiral lamina and basilar membrane. C

Groove between the vestibular and tympanic

17

Cochlear

aqueduct

(perilymphatic

duct).

lips. D E

Aquaeductus cochleae. Pathway connecting the

29 External spiral sulcus. Sulcus spiralis externus.

perilymphatic space

with the subarachoid

Groove on the outer wall of the cochlear duct be-

18

space. B

tween the spiral prominence and the spiral

14

External aperture of perilymphatic duct.

organ. E

19

Apertura externa aquaeductus cochleae. Open-

ing for the tympanic nerve in the vicinity of the

canaliculus. See p. 14.22

20

15

Cochlear duct. Ductus cochlearis. A spiral en-

dolymphatic tube taking 21/2−23/4 turns around

21

a bony axis (modiolus) before ending blindly at

the apex of the cochlea. It houses the sensory

epithelium for the perception of sound. B C E

22

16

Cupular cecum. Caecum cupulare. Blind end of

cochlear duct located at the apex of the cochlea.

23

B

17

Vestibular cecum. Caecum vestibulare. Blind

end of the cochlear duct facing the vestibule. B

1

1

Reticular membrane. Membrana reticularis.

17

Vestibular veins. Vv. vestibulares. They arise

Membrane covering the organ of Corti, formed

from the semicircular ducts in the region of

by the heads of pillar/Deiters‘ cells. The micro-

the utricle and saccule and drain partly into a

2

villi of hair cells emerge through the gaps. B

labyrinthine vein, partly into the vein of the

2

Spiral vessel. Vas spirale. Small blood vessel

vestibular aqueduct. C

3

below the tunnel, in the tympanic layer of the

18

Vein of vestibular aqueduct. V. aqueductus

basilar membrane. A

vestibuli. Companion vein of endolymphatic

3

Vestibular wall of cochlear duct (vestibular

duct. It opens into the inferior petrosal sinus. C

ductus cochlearis (membrana vestibularis) [[Re-

cochleae. Companion vein of perilymphatic

5

issner]]. Upper wall of the cochlear duct. It is

duct. It carries blood from the basal turn of the

about 3 µm thick. A

cochlea through the cochlear canaliculus. C

4 External wall of cochlear duct. Paries externus

20 OSSEOUS LABYRINTH. Labyrinthus osseus.

6

ductus cochlearis. Lateral wall. A

Bony capsule enclosing the membranous laby-

5

Basilar crest. Crista basilaris. Pointed edge of

rinth. D

7

the spiral crest that joins the basilar membrane.

21 Vestibule. Vestibulum. Part of osseous laby-

6

A

Prominentia

spiralis.

rinth enclosing the utricle and saccule. D

8

Spiral

prominence.

22

Spherical recess of vestibule. Recessus spheri-

Marginal ridge projecting above the external

cus. Rounded recess in the medial wall of the

spiral sulcus. It consists of connective tissue and

vestibule. It is occupied by the saccule. D

9

contains a blood vessel. A

23

Elliptical recess of vestibule. Recessus ellipti-

7 Vas prominens. The blood vessel in the spiral

cus. Oval depression in the medial wall of the

10

prominence. A

vestibule. It is occupied by the portion of the

8

Stria vascularis. Broad, specialized band of

utricle between the posterior ampulla and

highly

vascularized

stratified squamous

common crus. D

11

epithelium above the spiral prominence. It is

24

Crest of vestibule. Crista vestibuli. Ridge be-

thought to secrete endolymph. A

tween the spherical and elliptical recesses. D

12

9

Spiral ganglion of cochlea. Ganglion spirale

25 Pyramid of vestibule. Pyramis vestibuli. Upper

cochlearis. Accumulation of bipolar

ganglion

broadened part of the crest of the vestibule. D

cells in the spiral canal of the modiolus. The

376

Sense organs

1

Cochlear recess. Recessus cochlearis. Depres17

Ampullary osseous crura. Crura ossea ampul-

1

sion lying below and in front of the spherical

laria. Crura of the semicircular canals dilated for

recess. It is occupied by the lower end of the

accomodation of the ampullae of the mem-

2

cochlear duct. C

branous labyrinth. B

3

transmitting fibers of

the vestibulocochlear

8−9 mm at its base and is altogether 4−5 mm

nerve.

high. B

3

Macula cribrosa superior. Perforated bony

19

Apex of cochlea. Cupula cochlea. Anteroinferi-

4

area transmitting fibers of the utriculoampul-

orly and laterally directed structure within the

lar nerve. C

cranium. B

5

4

Macula cribrosa media. Perforated bony area

20

Base of cochlea. Basis cochlea. Structure with a

near the base of the cochlea for passage of

surface pointing approx. in the direction of the

fibers of the saccular nerve. C

internal acoustic meatus. A

6

5

Macula cribrosa inferior. Perforated bony

21

Spiral canal of cochlea. Canalis spiralis

area in the wall of the posterior osseous am-

cochleae. It is partitioned into three canals by

7

pulla for passage of fibers of the posterior am-

the osseous spiral lamina and the basilar mem-

pullar nerve. C

brane on one side and the vestibular wall of the

8

6

Osseous semicircular canals. Canales semi-

cochlear duct on the other. A

22

Modiolus. Conical axis of the cochlea. It is hol-

circulares ossei. Bony canals containing per-

ilymph and enclosing the membranous semi-

lowed out for accomodation of the cochlear

9

circular ducts (filled with endolymph). C

nerve and forms the medial wall of the spiral

7

Anterior (superior)

semicircular

canal.

canal. A

10

Canalis semicircularis anterior. Canal sharing a

23

Base of modiolus. Basis modioli. Beginning of

commn crus with the posterior semicircular

the cochlear axis. A

canal and oriented vertically, somewhat per-

24

Lamina of modiolus. Lamina modioli. Bony

11

pendicular to the axis of the petrous part of

plate extending upward as a continuation of the

the temporal bone. B

bony spiral lamina. A

12

8

Posterior semicircular canal. Canalis semicir-

25

Spiral canal of modiolus. Canalis spiralis

cularis posterior. Posterior and most

inferior

modioli. Fine channel in the axial wall near the

13

semicircular canal. It lies somewhat parallel to

base of the bony spiral lamina. It contains the

the axis of the petrous part of the temporal

spiral ganglion. A

bone. B

26

Longitudinal canals of modiolus. Canales

14

9

Lateral semicircular canal. Canalis semicircu-

longitudinales modioli. Centrally located bony

laris lateralis. Horizontally oriented canal that

channels containing fibers of the cochlear nerve

15

sometimes creates a bulge in the medial wall of

leaving the spiral ganglion. A

the tympanic cavity. B

13

Lateral osseous ampulla. Ampulla ossea

lateralis. Ampulla of lateral semicircular canal.

21

It lies near the anterior semicircular ampulla. B

22

14

Crura ossea. Osseous crura of the semicircular

canals.