Материал: Атлас Ханц фениш

362

Sense organs

1

Posterior chamber. Camera posterior. It ex-

14

Lens fibers. Fibrae lentis. Fibers corresponding

1

tends from the iris and ciliary body to the ante-

to the lens epithelium from which they develop.

rior surface of the vitreous. A

They form the lens substance measuring 2.5−

2

2

Aqueous humor. Humor aquosus. Produced by

12 µm thick and up to 10 mm long. C

the ciliary processes. It flows between the in-

15

Epithelium of lens. Epithelium lentis. Part of

3

terstices of the suspensory ligaments of the lens

the lens confined to the anterior surface and ex-

to the anterior surface of the lens and then be-

tending as far as the equator. It is derived

tween the iris and lens to the pupil, through

embryologically from the anterior epithelium

4

which it enters the anterior chamber.

of the lens vesicle. C

3

Vitreous chamber. Camera vitrea. Space filled

16

Lens capsule. Capsula lentis. Transparent mem-

5

up by the vitreous body. B

brane, up to 15 µm thick, covering the lens in-

4

Vitreous body. Corpus vitreum. It consists of

cluding its epithelium. Its anterior pole is

about 98% water and primarily contains traces

thicker than the posterior pole. It gives attach-

6

of protein and NaCl and a mixture of fine fibrils

ment to the suspensory ligaments. C

which thicken near the surface to form a lim-

17

Anterior pole. Polus anterior. D

7

iting membrane. It has a gelatinous consistency

18

Posterior pole. Polus posterior. D

due to its high content of hyaluronic acid. A

19

Anterior surface. Facies anterior. Less curved

5

Hyaloid

artery. [A. hyaloidea]. Branch of the

8

ophthalmic artery supplying the vascular mem-

lens surface with a radius of 8.3−10 mm. C

20

Posterior surface. Facies posterior. More

brane of the lens. Present only during embry-

9

onic development. The proximal portion per-

curved lens surface with a radius of about

6.5 mm. C

sists in the optic nerve as the central retinal

artery. B

21

Axis. Line connecting anterior and posterior

10

6

Hyaloid canal. Canalis hyaloideus. Canal

poles. D

within the vitreous body formerly occupied by

22

Equator. Margin of lens. D

11

the embryonic hyaloid artery which degener-

23

Radii of lens. Suture line of the individual lens

ates in

this region.

The canal assumes a

fibers. In the young it resembles a triradiate

downward sagging corkscrew shape; it extends

12

seam. D

from the optic disc to the posterior surface of

24 Ciliary zonule. Zonula ciliaris. Suspensory ap-

the lens. Its wall is formed by condensed fibers.

paratus together with its interstices. It encircles

13

A

the lens equator and consists of a radially

7

Hyaloid (lenticular, patellar) fossa. Fossa hy-

oriented system of fibers of variable length and

aloidea. Fossa on the anterior surface of the vit-

14

the folds situated between them. C

reous body adjacent to the lens. A

25

Zonular fibers (suspensory ligaments). Fi-

8

Vitreous

(hyaloid)

membrane. Membrana

15

brae zonulares. Suspensory fibers attached to

vitrea. Condensation of fibers on the surface of

the equator and the adjacent anterior and post-

the vitreous body. See (4), vitreous body. A

erior surfaces of the lens. They arise distally

16

9

Stroma of vitreous body. Stroma vitreum.

from the basal lamina of the ciliary body and the

Fine network of fibers in the virtreous body. Its

pars ciliaris retinae. C

surface thickens to form the vitreous mem-

26

Zonular spaces. Spatia zonularia. Spaces be-

17

brane.

tween the zonule fibers filled with percolating

9 a Vitreous humor. Humor vitreus. Fluid part of

aqueous humor. C

364

Sense organs

1

ACCESSORY ORGANS OF EYE. Organa oculi ac-

15

Superficial lamina of levator tendon.

1

cessoria.

Lamina superficialis. It passes between the tar-

2

Muscles of eye. Musculi bulbi. Extrinsic ocular

sus and orbicularis oculi to insert into the sub-

2

cutaneous connective tissue of the upper eyelid.

muscles.

3

Orbital muscle. M. orbitalis. Thin layer of

It is so broad that it extends mainly laterally to

the wall of the orbit. A

3

smooth muscle which bridges the inferior orbi-

16

Deep lamina of levator tendon. Lamina pro-

tal fissure. C

funda. It inserts into the upper margin and the

4

Superior rectus. M. rectus superior. o: Common

4

anterior surface of the tarsus. A

tendinous ring. i: Along an oblique line in front

17

Orbital fasciae. Fasciae orbitales.

5

of the equator, 7−8 mm posterior to the corneal

18

Periosteum of orbit. Periorbita. It is delicate

margin. A: Elevation and medial rotation of su-

perior pole of eyeball. I: Oculomotor nerve. B C

and fused solidly to the bone at the inlet and

6

D

outlet of the orbit. Anteriorly, it is continuous

5

Inferior rectus. M. rectus inferior. o: Common

with the adjacent periosteum, posteriorly with

the dura. A

7

tendinous ring. i: Along an oblique line about

19

Orbital septum. Septum orbitale. Connective

6 mm behind the corneal margin. A: Depression

and lateral rotation of superior pole of eyeball. I:

tissue septum partly reinforced by tendon. It

8

Oculomotor nerve. B C D

passes from the orbital margin below the orbic-

6

Medial rectus. M. rectus medialis. o: Common

ularis oculi to the external margins of the tarsi

and forms the anterior end of the orbit. A

9

tendinous ring. i: About 5.5 mm from the cor-

Muscular fasciae. Fasciae musculares. Sheaths

neal margin. A: Adduction of corneal pole. I:

20

Oculomotor nerve. B C

of Tenon’s capsule enveloping the tendons and

10

7

Lateral rectus. M. rectus lateralis. o: Common

muscular bellies of the 6 extrinsic ocular

muscles. A

tendinous ring and lesser wing. i: 5.5 mm be-

11

21

Tenon’s capsule (fascia bulbi). Vagina bulbi.

hind corneal margin. A: Abduction of corneal

pole. I: Abducent nerve. B C D

Connective tissue gliding membrane between

8

Tendon of lateral rectus at greater wing.

the eyeball and orbital fat. It is fused to the

12

sclera posteriorly at the optic nerve. Anteriorly

Lacertus musculi recti lateralis. C

it ends beneath the conjunctiva. It is separated

13

9

Common tendinous ring (common annular

from the sclera primarily by the episcleral

tendon). Anulus tendineus communis. Ten-

space. A

dinous ring for attachment of the recti ocular

22 Episcleral space. Spatium episclerale [[inter-

14

muscles. It surrounds the optic canal and me-

vaginale]]. Gliding space between the eyeball

dial part of the superior orbital fissure. C

and Tenon’s capsule. It is traversed by long, deli-

15

10

Superior oblique. M. obliquus superior. o: Body

cate connective tissue fibers. A

of sphenoid medial to common tendinous ring.

23 Orbital fat body. Corpus adiposum orbitae.

16

i: Posterolateral

aspect of sclera

behind

the

Adipose tissue fills the spaces around the ocular

equator after its

tendon passes

through

the

muscles, the eyeball and the optic nerve and is

trochlea and approaches sclera obliquely from

bordered anteriorly by the orbital septum. A D

366

Sense organs

1

Eyebrow. Supercilium. The transverse eleva-

19

Lateral palpebral raphe. [[Raphe palpebralis

1

tion above the eyes, covered by thick, bristle-

lateralis]]. Delicate band on the lateral palpebral

like hairs. A

ligament. It is reinforced by the orbicularis oculi

2

2

Eyelids. Palpebrae.

muscle. D

20

Lateral palpebral ligament. Lig. palpebrale

3

Upper eyelid. Palpebra superior. A

3

laterale. Fibrous band that attaches the lateral

4 Lower eyelid. Palpebra inferior. A

palpebral commissure to the lateral wall of the

5 Anterior palpebral surface. Facies anterior pal-

orbit in front of the orbital septum. B

4

21

Tarsal [[Meibomian]] glands. Glandulae tar-

pebralis. The anterior external (skin-covered)

surface of the eyelid. E

sales. Elongated holocrine glands located in the

5

6

Epicanthus

(mongolian fold). [Plica palpe-

superior and inferior tarsal plates with openings

near the posterior edge of the free margin of the

bronasalis] [[epicanthus]]. Vertical fold covering

eyelids. They produce a sebaceous secretion for

6

the medial angle of the eye. It is a continuation

lubrication of the lid margins. E

of the upper eyelid at the lateral nasal wall. C

22 Superior tarsal muscle. M. tarsalis superior.

7

7

Posterior palpebral surface. Facies posterior

Smooth muscle fibers between the muscle-ten-

palpebralis.

Surface lined

by conjunctival

don border of the levator palpebrae muscle and

epithelium

and containing

dispersed goblet

8

the superior tarsal plate. E

cells. E

23

Inferior tarsal muscle. M. tarsalis inferior.

8

Palpebral fissure. Rima palpebrarum. Space

9

Smooth muscle fibers between the inferior for-

between the margins of the upper and lower

nix of the conjunctiva and the inferior tarsal

eyelids. A E

plate. E

10

9

Lateral palpebral commissure. Commissura

24

Tunica conjunctiva. The lining of the inner sur-

palpebralis lateralis. Lateral junction of the

face of the eyelids, which consists of two or more

11

upper and lower eyelids. A

layers of columnar epithelium with goblet cells

10

Medial palpebral commissure. Commissura

and a loose, cell-rich lamina propria containing

multiple blood vessels. The tunica extends

12

palpebralis medialis. Medial junction of the

around the fornix of the conjunctiva to the eye-

upper and lower eyelids. A

11 Lateral angle (canthus) of eye. Angulus oculi

ball, which it covers with a layer of stratified

13

squamous epithelium that extends up to the cor-

lateralis. Acute lateral angle of the eye; it is also

neal margin. E

the lateral end of the palpebral fissure. A

25

Semilunar fold of conjunctive. Plica semi-

14

12

Medial angle (canthus) of eye. Angulus oculi

lunaris conjunctivae. It lies in the medial angle of

medialis. More rounded medial end of the

the eye between the fornix of the upper and

15

palpebral fissure which delimits a triangular

lower eyelid. F

space, the lacrimal lake. A

26 Lacrimal caruncle. Caruncula lacrimalis. Mu-

13

Limbi palpebrales anteriores. Anterior edges

16

cosal mass in the medial angle of the eye covered

of the free margins of the eyelids adjacent to the

by stratified squamous or columnar epithelium.

external skin. E

F