Материал: Атлас Ханц фениш

354

Sense organs

1

19

Meridians. Meridiani. Semicircles oriented at

1

In the narrow sense, the organs of vision, hear-

right angles to the equator between the anterior

ing, smell and taste.

and posterior poles. D.

2

2

ORGAN OF VISION. Organum visus (visuale).

20

External axis of eyeball. Axis bulbi externus.

3

EYE. Oculus.

Line connecting anterior and posterior poles. C

3

4

Optic nerve. N. opticus. Fiber bundle beginning

21

Internal axis of eyeball. Axis bulbi internus.

in the retina and extending as far as the optic

Distance from posterior surface of cornea to the

chiasm.

Histologically

and

embryologically

inner surface of retina measured along an im-

4

speaking, it is the tract of the brain that is ac-

aginary line (external axis of eyeball) through

cordingly enclosed by meninges up to the pos-

the anterior and posterior poles. C

5

terior aspect of the eyeball. Its axons have no

22

Optic axis. Axis opticus. Line passing through

neurilemma (sheath of Schwann) but are myeli-

the midline of the cornea and lens and bisecting

nated. The myelin sheath is formed by the oligo-

the retina between the fovea centralis and optic

6

dendroglia. A C E

disc. C

5

Intracranial part. Pars intracranialis. Segment

23

FIBROUS TUNIC OF EYEBALL. Tunica fibrosa

7

of the optic nerve betweeen the optic canal and

bulbi. External wall of eyeball comprising the

6

the chiasm. E

Pars

intracanicularis.

cornea and sclera. C

8

Intracanalicular part.

24

Sclera. The bluish-white outer coat of the eye-

Segment of the optic nerve located in the optic

ball, which

consists of

irregulatory arranged

canal. It is partially connected with the canal

9

collagenous fibers visible through the conjunc-

wall. E

7

part. Pars orbitalis. Slightly tortuous

tiva. A B C

Orbital

25 Scleral sulcus. Sulcus sclerae. Shallow groove

10

segment of the optic nerve measuring about

between the cornea and sclera caused by the

3 cm in length and occupying the orbit. E

greater curvature of the cornea. B C D

8 Intraocular part. Pars intraocularis. Segment of

11

26

Corneoscleral junction. Limbus. The concave

optic nerve located in the wall of the eyeball.

9

Postlaminar

part. Pars postlaminaris. In-

border of the sclera adjacent to the cornea. B

12

27 Trabecular meshwork (pectinate ligament).

traocular segment located behind the lamina

Reticulum

trabeculare

(lig. pectinatum)

cribrosa and thus at the site where the external

[[spongium

iridocorneale]]. Connective tissue

13

sheath of the optic nerve (dura) blends into the

framework at the iridocorneal (filtration) angle.

sclera. A

10

Intralaminar part. Pars intralaminaris. In-

28

Corneoscleral part. Pars corneoscleralis. Part

14

of the meshwork attached to the sclera. B

traocular segment lying within the lamina cri-

brosa. A

29

Uveal part. Pars uvealis. Part of the trabecular

15

11

Prelaminar part. Pars preliminaris. Intraocular

meshwork attached to the iris. B

segment extending between the lamina cri-

30

Canal of Schlemm. Sinus venosus sclerae.

brosa and the nerve fiber layer of the retina. A

Circular vessel occupying the interior aspect of

16

12

External sheath. Vagina externa. Dural cover-

the trabecular meshwork. It can be interrupted

ing of the optic nerve extending up to the eye-

or doubled and is involved in the discharge of

17

ball. A

aqueous humor from the anterior chamber. B

13

Internal sheath. Vagina interna. Pia and

31

Episclera. Lamina episcleralis. Delicate dis-

18

arachnoid coverings acoompanying the optic

placeable connective tissue between the outer

nerve to the eyeball. A

surface of the sclera and [[Tenon’s capsule]]

14

Intervaginal

spaces.

Spatia intervaginalia.

(bulbar fascia).

19

Subarachnoid space accompanying the optic

32

Substantia propria sclerae corneal stroma.

nerve and the capillary space between the

The proper substance, i. e., main part of the

20

arachnoid and dura. A

sclera. It consists of irregularly arranged col-

15 Eyeball. Bulbus oculis. Globe of the eye. It con-

lagenous fibers with sparse elastic fibers. A B

21

sists of the cornea and sclera together with all of

33

Lamina fusca sclerae. Layer of loose connective

the structures they enclose. D

tissue connecting the sclera and the choroid

16 Anterior pole. Polus anterior (center of anterior

lying below it. It appears yellowish owing to the

22

curvature) of the eyeball, which is determined

pigment cells dispersed within it. A

by the corneal vertex. D

34

Lamina cribrosa. Fine, perforated layer of the

23

17

Posterior pole. Polus posterior (center of poste-

slcera for the passage of optic nerve fibers from

rior curvature) of the eyeball, which lies lateral

the retina. A

24

to the exit of the optic nerve and opposite to the

anterior pole. D

356

Sense organs

1

Cornea. The transparent anterior part (1/6) of

16

Vascular lamina. Lamina vasculosa. It contains

1

the eyeball with an anterior convex curvature

the branchings of the short posterior ciliary ar-

and a posterior concave curvature. It is 0.9 mm

teries. A

2

thick in the middle, 1.2 mm thick at its margins.

17

Choriocapillaris.

Lamina

choroidocapillaris.

B D

Pigment-free layer of connective tissue with a

2 Conjunctival ring. Anulus conjunctivae. Junc-

3

dense network of capillaries extending as far as

tion between bulbar conjunctival epithelium

the ora serrata. It is often delimited from the

and the anterior epithelium of the cornea. D

vascular lamina by a special connective tissue

4

3

Corneoscleral junction. Limbus corneae. D

layer. A

4

Vertex corneae. The most prominent point on

18

Basal lamina [[Bruch’s membrane]]. Com-

5

the anterior surface of the cornea.

plexus (lamina) basalis. Homogeneous zone

5 Anterior surface. Facies anterior. Corneal sur-

about 2−4 mm thick between the choriocapil-

laris and the pigment epithelium of the retina. A

6

face facing the outside air. D

19 Ciliary body. Corpus ciliare. Enlarged uveal seg-

6 Posterior surface. Facies posterior. Corneal sur-

ment situated between the ora serrata and root

7

face facing the anterior chamber. D

of the iris. It contains ciliary muscles and

7 Anterior

epithelium. Epithelium

anterius.

processes. C

8

Stratified

(about

5 layers)

squamous

20

Pars plicata (Corona ciliaris). Circular zone oc-

epithelium covering the anterior surface of the

cupied by ciliary processes. C

cornea with a very smooth surface. B D

9

8

21

Ciliary

processes.

Processus ciliares. 70−80

Anterior

limiting

(Bowman’s)

membrane.

radially

oriented,

capillary-rich folds,

0.1−

Lamina limitans

anterior [[Bowman]]. Basal

0.2 mm wide, 1 mm high and 2−3 mm long.

10

membrane of the anterior epithelium, about

Their epithelium produces aqueous humor. C

10−20 mm thick. It is continuous posteriorly

22

Ciliary folds. Plicate ciliares. Low folds in the re-

with the substantia propria. B

11

9

Substantia propria. Predominant part of the

gion of the corona ciliaris and between the cili-

ary processes. C

avascular cornea consisting of highly organized

12

23

Pars plana. Orbiculus ciliaris. Circular zone

lamellar connective tissue embedded within a

mucopolysaccharide substance. The state of

lying between the corona and ora serrata. It is

turgescence of its fibers and the distribution of

occupied by ciliary folds. C

13

its colloidal matrix affect the transparency of

24 Ciliary muscle. M. ciliaris. Smooth muscle oc-

the cornea. B

cupying the ciliary body. It pulls the choroid for-

14

10

Posterior

limiting

(Descemet’s)

membrane.

ward and, in so doing, relaxes the zonule fibers

Lamina limitans posterior [[Descemet]]. Basal

so that the lens can become more strongly

15

membrane of the

corneal

(posterior) en-

curved for accomodation of near objects. D

dothelium. At its lateral margin it divides into

25

Meridional (longitudinal) fibers. Fibrae mer-

fibers which radiate into the trabecular mesh-

16

idionales [fibrae longitudinales]. Larger muscle

work of the sclera and iris. Aqueous humor

fibers oriented meridionally (longitudinally).

passes through its interstices to drain into the

Anteriorly they are attached to the posterior

17

sinus venosus sclerae. B D

limiting lamina above the trabecular mesh-

11

Posterior epithelium (endothelium). Epithe-

work; posteriorly, they insert into the choroid.

lium posterius. Simple squamous epithelium

D

18

lining the posterior surface of the cornea. B D

26

Circular fibers.

Fibrae

circulares. Circular

12 VASCULAR TUNIC OF EYEBALL (UVEAL TRACT).

muscle lying internal to the meridional fibers. D

19

Tunica vasculosa bulbi (tractus uvealis). It rep-

27

Radial

fibers. Fibrae radiales. Muscle

fibers

resents the middle layer of the wall of the eye-

crossing perpendicular to the two other muscle

20

ball and consists of the choroid, ciliary body and

systems and coursing outwardly.

iris.

28 Basal lamina. Lamina basalis. Continuation of

13

Choroid. Choroidea. The vascular coat lying be-

21

the basal membrane of the choroid. It supports

tween the retina and sclera. A

the epithelium. D

14 Suprachoroid lamina (lamina fusca). Lamina

22

suprachoroidea.

Displaceable

layer

directly

beneath the sclera. It contains only a few vessels

23

and pigment; its fibers are partly covered by en-

dothelium. A

24

15 Perichoroidal space. Spatium perichoroideale.

Spatial system in the suprachoroid lamina, part

of which forms lymph pathways. It houses the

25

ciliary nerves, long and short posterior ciliary

arteries and the vorticose veins. A