Материал: Атлас Ханц фениш

368

Sense organs

1

Bulbar conjunctiva. Tunica conjunctiva bul-

15

Rivus lacrimalis. Pathway that conducts tears

1

baris. Part of conjunctiva covering the eyeball. It

from the excretory ducts to the lacrimal lake. It

consists of stratified, nonkeratinized squamous

lies within the conjunctival sac between the

2

epithelium with only a few goblet cells and a

closed eyelids and the eyeball.

loose, cell-poor lamina propria permeated with

16

Lacrimal lake. Lacus lacrimalis. Space in the me-

3

elastic fibers. A

dial angle of

the eye

around the lacrimal

2

Palpebral conjunctiva. Tunica conjunctiva pal-

caruncle. B C

pebralis. The portion of the conjunctiva covering

17 Papilla lacrimalis. Small cone-shaped elevation

4

the posterior surface of the eyelid. It consists of

medial to the inner edge of both the upper and

two or more layers of columnar epithelium with

lower eyelids. Each apex houses an opening or

5

goblet cells and a loose, vascularized lamina

lacrimal punctum. C

propria. A

18 Lacrimal punctum. Punctum lacrimale. Small

3

Superior fornix of

cunjunctiva. Fornix con-

6

opening marking the beginning of the lacrimal

junctivae superior. Reflected fold of conjunctiva

fluid drainage system. C

extending from the eyeball (bulbar) to the upper

19

Lacrimal

canaliculus. Canaliculus lacrimalis.

7

eyelid (palpebral). A

Small canal, up to 1 cm long, from each lacrimal

4

Inferior fornix of conjunctiva. Fornix conjunc-

punctum to the lacrimal sac. C

8

tivae inferior. Reflected fold of conjunctiva from

20

Ampulla

of

lacrimal

canaliculus. Ampulla

the eyeball (bulbar)

on to the lower eyelid

canaliculi lacrimalis. Slight enlargement at the

(palpebral). A

9

bend of the lacrimal canaliculus. C

5

Conjunctival sac. Saccus conjunctivalis. Space

21 Lacrimal sac. Saccus lacrimalis. It is located in

between palpebral and bulbar conjunctivae. Its

10

the lacrimal fossa and is about 1.5 cm long and

upper and lower ends form the superior and in-

about 0.5 cm wide. It descends directly into the

ferior fornices of the conjunctiva. A

nasolacrimal duct. C

11

6

Ciliary glands (of Moll). Glandulae ciliares

22

Fornix of lacrimal sac. Fornix sacci lacrimalis.

[[Molli]]. Apocrine glands on the lid margin.

Dome-shaped upper margin of the lacrimal sac.

12

They open either into the hair follicles of the

C

eyelashes or at the lid margin. A

23 Nasolacrimal duct. Ductus nasolacrimalis. Duct

7

Sebaceous glands (of Zeiss). Glandulae se-

13

that is directly continuous with the larcrimal sac

baceae [[Zeiss]]. Small sebaceous glands with

and about 1.2−2.4 cm in length. It passes

openings into the hair follicles of the eyelashes.

through the nasolacrimal canal and opens into

14

A

the inferior nasal meatus. Its flattened lumen is

8

Conjunctival glands. Glanduale conjunctivales.

lined by a mucosa containing two or more layers

of columnar epithelium bearing cilia at some

15

Follicular aggregations of lymphocytes at the

sites. C

medial angle of the eye.

9

Lacrimal apparatus. Apparatus lacrimalis. The

24

Lacrimal fold. Plica lacrimalis. Mucosal fold at

16

the opening of the nasolacrimal duct. It is lo-

system of structures that lubricate the cornea

cated in the inferior nasal meatus about 3−

and conjunctiva. B

17

3.5 cm posterior to the external naris. C

10

Lacrimal gland. Glandula lacrimalis. Gland lo-

cated above the lateral angle of the eyelids; it is

18

separated into an upper and lower portion by

the tendon of levator palpebrae muscle. Its ex-

cretory ducts open laterally into the superior

19

fornix of the conjunctiva. B

11

Orbital part. Pars orbitalis. Larger portion of

20

lacrimal gland located above the tendon of the

levator palpebrae muscle. B

21

12

Palpebral part. Pars palpebralis. Smaller por-

tion of lacrimal gland located below the tendon

22

of the levator palpebrae muscle. B

13

Excretory ducts of

lacrimal gland. Ductuli

23

exretorii [[glandulae

lacrimalis]]. 6−14 ducts

opening into the superior fornix of the conjunc-

24

tiva. B

14

Accessory lacrimal glands. [Gll. lacrimales ac-

cessoriae]. Additional smaller lacrimal glands

25

found scattered especially in the vicinity of the

superior conjunctival fornix. A

370

Sense organs

1

VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR ORGAN. Organum vesti-

16

Basal membrane of semicircular duct. Mem-

1

bulocochleare. Sensory apparatus housed in the

brana basalis ductus semicircularis. Appears

temporal bone for the perception of sound,

upon light microscopy as a homogeneous basal

2

equilibrium and positional changes.

membrane situated directly below the

2

INTERNAL EAR. Auris interna. Part of the vesti-

epithelium. C

17

3

bulocochlear organ residing in the petrous tem-

[[Epithelium

of

semicircular

duct]].

poral bone.

[[Epithelium

ductus

semicircularis]]. Simple

3

MEMBRANOUS LABYRINTH. Labyrinthus mem-

epithelium lining the inner aspect of the mem-

4

branous semicircular duct. The cells are flat and

branaceus. Complicated system of ducts and di-

latations within the bony labyrinth, which con-

become cuboidal on their concave side. C

5

tains sensory epithelium and is suspended by

18

Membranous ampullae. Ampullae mem-

connective tissue. A

branaceae. Dilatations of the semicircular ducts

4

Endolymph. Fluid contained within the mem-

in the vicinity of the utricle.

6

19

Anterior

membranous

ampulla.

Ampulla

branous labyrinth.

5

Perilymph. Fluid occupying the osseous laby-

membranacea anterior. Dilatation at the end of

7

anterior (superior) semicircular duct located

rinth and surrounding the membranous laby-

rinth.

near the lateral membranous ampulla. A

8

20

Posterior

membranous

ampulla. Ampulla

6

Vestibular labyrinth. Labyrinthus vestibularis.

Portion of membranous labyrinth constituting

membranacea posterior. Dilatation at the end of

the posterior semicircular duct located distal to

9

the organ of equilibrium. It includes the semi-

the other two membranous ampullae. A

circular ducts.

21

Lateral

membranous

ampulla.

Ampulla

7

Endolymphatic duct. Ductus endolymphaticus

10

membranacea lateralis. Ampulla of the lateral

[[aquaeductus vestibuli]]. Slender duct arising

semicircular duct located proximal to the ante-

from the utriculosaccular duct and passing

rior membranous ampulla. A

11

through the osseous aqueduct of the vestibule to

22

Sulcus ampullaris. Indentation below the am-

terminate as the endolymphatic sac. A

8

Endolymphatic sac. Saccus endolymphaticus.

pullary crest bearing branches from the ampul-

12

lar nerve for innervation of the ampullary crest.

Blind sac of endolymphatic duct located be-

B

tween two dural layers at the posterior wall of

13

23

Ampullary crest. Crista ampullaris. Crescent-

the petrous temporal. A

9

Utriculosaccular duct. Ductus

utriculosaccu-

shaped ridge

projecting

into

the

ampullary

14

laris. Slender duct between the saccule and

space. It is covered by sensory epithelium and

has a base of nerve fibers and connective tissue.

utricle. It gives rise to the endolymphatic duct. A

B

15

10

Utricle. Utriculus. Sac 2.5−3.5 mm in diameter,

24

[[Neuroepithelium]].

Sensory

epithelium

of

serving as the base for the three semicircular

ampullae

consisting of supporting

cells

and

ducts. A

16

11

Ductus

semicirculares.

sensory cells with hairs (microvilli) projecting

Semicircular duct.

from the surface into an overlying cupula. B

Three membranous ducts that resemble two-

25

Cupula. Gelatinous body suspended above the

17

thirds of a circular arch, each occupying its own

ampullary crest as far as the roof of the ampulla

osseous semicircular canal oriented perpendic-

and penetrated by hairs of the sensory cells. B

ular to the others.

18

26

Membranous

crura.

Crura

membranacea.

12

Anterior (superior)

semicircular duct. Duc-

tus semicircularis anterior. It is oriented verti-

Limbs of semicircular ducts opening into the

19

utricle.

cally and somewhat perpendicular to the

27

Simple membranous crus. Crus mem-

petrous part of the temporal bone. A

20

13

Posterior semicircular duct. Ductus semi-

branaceum simplex. Posterior limb of lateral

semicircular duct opening independently into

circularis posterior. It is oriented somewhat ver-

the utricle. A

21

tically in a plane which runs parallel to the longi-

28

Ampullary membranous crura. Crura mem-

tudinal axis of the petrous part of the temporal

bone. A

branacea ampullaria. Semicircular duct seg-

22

14

Lateral semicircular duct. Ductus semicircu-

ments situated between the ampullae and the

utricle. A

laris lateralis. The most lateral, horizontally

29

Common

membranous

crus. Crus mem-

23

oriented semicircular duct. It may create a bulge

in the medial wall of the tympanic cavity. A

branaceum commune. Common limb formed by

15

Proper membrane of semicircular duct. Mem-

the anterior and posterior semicircular ducts

24

and opening into the utricle. A

brana propria ductus semicircularis. Layer

below the basal membrane consisting primarily