Материал: Атлас Ханц фениш

324

Cranial nerves

1

branch of maxillary nerve. It passes through the

lateralis. Motor nerve for the corresponding

inferior orbital fissure and corresponding sul-

muscle. It frequently arises together with the

2

cus and foramen to the skin of the upper eyelid,

buccal nerve. A

nose, upper lip and cheek. C

18 Nerve to medial pterygoid. N. pterygoideus

3

2 Superior alveolar nerves. Nn. alveolares super-

medialis. Motor nerve for the corresponding

iores. Branches to the maxillary teeth.

muscle. It also sends small twigs to the tensor

3 Posterior superior alveolar branches. Rami

veli palatini and tensor tympani muscles. A

4

19 Otic ganglion. Ganglion oticum. Parasympa-

alveolares superiores posteriores. Two to three

branches passing through the alveolar

thetic ganglion located medial to the mandibu-

5

foramina to the inner surface of the maxilla.

lar nerve below the foramen ovale. It receives

They supply the maxillary sinus and the molars

tributaries from the glossopharyngeal nerve via

including their buccal gingiva. C

the lesser petrosal nerve and sends secretory

6

4

Middle superior alveolar branch. R. alve-

fibers to the parotid gland. B

olaris superior medius. It courses through the

20 Ramus communicans [cum nervo ptery-

7

infraorbital sulcus to the maxilla and passes

goideo mediali]. Branch which communicates

along the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus up

with the nerve to the medial pterygoid muscle.

to the superior dental plexus. C

B

alveolares superiores anteriores. They run in

musculi tensoris veli palatini. It sometimes

9

their respective canals and via the superior

arises from the nerve to the medial pterygoid

dental plexus to the incisors, canines, pre-

muscle. B

molars and first molar tooth. C

22

Nerve to tensor tympani muscle. N. musculi

10

6

Superior dental plexus. Plexus dentalis superior.

tensoris tympani. It also sometimes arises from

Nerve plexus in the bone above the roots of the

the nerve to the medial pterygoid muscle. B

11

teeth formed by the superior alveolar rami. C

23

Buccal nerve. N. buccalis. Sensory nerve for the

7 Superior dental branches. Rami dentales super-

skin and mucosa of the cheek and the buccal

12

iores. Branches to the individual roots of the

gingiva in the region of the first molar. A

teeth. C

24

Auriculotemporal nerve. N. auriculotem-

13

8

Superior gingival branches. Rami gingivales su-

poralis. It usually encircles the middle mening-

periores. Rami to the gingiva. C

eal artery, sends a small branch to the temporo-

9

Inferior palpebral branches. Rami palpe-

mandibular joint and then passes upward be-

14

tween the ear and superficial temporal artery

brales inferiores. Rami given off to the lower

eyelid outside of the infraorbital foramen. C

to the skin of the temporal region. A

25

Nerve to external acoustic meatus. N. mea-

15

10

External nasal branches. Rami nasales ex-

tus acustici externi. Usually two small branches

terni. Branches to the outside of the nasal ala. C

for the skin of the external acoustic meatus. A

11

Internal nasal branches. Rami nasales interni.

16

26

Fine branches to the tympanic membrane.

Branches to the skin of the nasal vestibule. C

Rami membranae tympani. A

12 Superior labial branches. Rami labiales su-

17

27

Parotid branches. Rami parotidei. Small

periores. Rami to the skin and mucosa of the

upper lip. C

branches supplying the parotid gland. A

18

28

Branches communicating with the facial

13

Mandibular nerve. N. mandibularis. Third divi-

nerve. Rami communicantes [cum n. faciali].

sion (branch) of the trigeminal nerve. It passes

They carry parasympathetic fibers from the otic

19

through the foramen ovale and into the in-

ganglion to the parotid gland via the facial

fratemporal fossa. Besides sensory fibers, it

nerve. A

contains motor fibers for the masticatory

20

muscles. A

29

Anterior auricular nerves. Nn. auriculares

14 Meningeal branch (nervus spinosus). Ramus

anteriores. They supply the anterior surface of

the pinna. A

21

meningeus (n. spinosus). It passes through the

Superficial temporal rami. Rami temporales

foramen spinosum accompanied by both 30

branches of the middle meningeal artery and

superficialis. Branches supplying the skin of the

22

supplies the dura, a part of the sphenoidal sinus

temporal region in front of and above the ear. A

and the mastoid air cells. A

326

Cranial nerves

1

Lingual nerve. N. lingualis. A branch of the 17

Otic ganglion. Ganglion oticum. Parasympa-

1

mandibular nerve that arches anteriorly be-

thetic ganglion located medial to the mandibu-

tween the lateral and medial pterygoid muscles

lar nerve below the foramen ovale. It communi-

2

to the floor of the mouth where it lies near a

cates with the glossopharyngeal nerve via the

wisdom tooth directly below the mucosa. A B C

lesser petrosal nerve and sends secretory fibers

2

Branches to isthmus

of

the fauces. Rami

into the parotid gland. C

3

isthmi faucium (rami fauciales). It also 18

ABDUCENT NERVE (VI). N. abducens [VI]. Sixth

branches to the tonsils. A

cranial nerve. It exits the brain in the angle be-

4

3

Communicating rami

to

the hypoglosal

tween the pons and pyramid, penetrates the

dura at the level of the middle of the clivus,

nerve. Rami communicantes [cum n. hypo-

5

glosso]. It lies on the hyoglossus muscle. A

passes laterally into the cavernous sinus and

then through the inferior orbital fissure into

4

Communicating ramus to the chorda tym-

the orbit where it supplies the rectus lateralis

6

pani nerve. Ramus communicans [cum chorda

muscle. D

tympani]. A

11

ganglion. A

8 Submandibular ganglion. Ganglion subman-

dibulare. Parasympathetic ganglion above or in

12

front of the submandibular gland. Synaptic sta-

tion for preganglionic fibers of the chorda tym-

13

pani with postganglionic fibers for the sublin-

gual and submandibular glands. A

9 Inferior alveolar nerve. N. alveolaris inferior.

14

Largest branch of mandibular nerve with

sensory and motor components. It passes 1 cm

15

behind the lingual nerve and through the man-

dibular foramen into the mandibular canal. A B

C

16

10

Mylohyoid nerve. N. mylohyoideus. Coursing

in the mylohyoid groove and then below the

17

mylohyoid muscle, this motor nerve supplies

the mylohyloid muscle and the anterior belly of

18

the digastric. A B C

11 Inferior dental plexus. Plexus dentalis infe-

19

rior. Plexus of nerves within the mandibular

canal. B

12

Inferior dental branches. Rami dentales inferi-

20

ores. Rami for the mandibular teeth. B