Материал: Атлас Ханц фениш

302

Brain

Anterior thalamic radiations. Raditiones 13

Sections of the hypothalamus. Sectiones hy-

1

1

thalamicae anteriores. Fibers of the anterior nu-

pothalami.

cleus passing to and from the cingulate gyrus

14

Dorsal (posterior) hypothalamic region. Regio

2

and likewise reciprocal connections between

(area) hypothalamica dorsalis. Area of the hy-

the lateral nucleus and frontal lobe. The fibers

pothalamus next to the apex.

3

run in the anterior limb of the internal capsule. A

15

Nucleus of ansa lenticularis. Nucleus ansae

2

Central

thalamic

radiations.

Radiationes

lenticularis. Groups of cells dispersed in the

thalamicae centrales. Reciprocal fibers passing

ansa lenticularis.

4

fan-like through the posterior limb of the inter-

16

Anterior

(ventral) region of

hypothalamus.

nal capsule from the posterior lateral, anterior

Regio hypothalamica anterior.

ventral, lateral ventral and posterior ventral nu-

5

17

Medial/lateral

preoptic

nucleus.

Nucleus

clei to the preand postcentral gyri in addition

to the connecting fields of the cortex. A

preopticus medialis/lateralis. Group of nuclei

located beneath the anterior commissure and

6

3

Posterior

thalamic

raditaions.

Radiationes

along the lamina terminalis with projections to

thalamicae posteriores. They lie in the occipital

the

stria terminalis,

medial

telencephalic

region of the posterior limb of the internal cap-

7

fasciculus and medial thalamic nuclei. D

sule and contain fibers from the lateral genicu-

18

Supraoptic

nucleus.

Nucleus supraopticus.

late body (optic radiation) and the pulvinar for

Nucleus lying above the optic chiasm with neu-

8

the occipital lobes and adjacent regions. A

rosecretory fibers (oxytocin and vasopressin)

4

Dentatothalamic

tract.

Tractus

denta-

projecting to the posterior pituitary. D

tothalamicus. It arises from the cerebellum and

9

19

Paraventricular nuclei. Nuclei paraventricu-

radiates into the thalamic fasciculus and to the

lateral ventral nucleus. C

lares. Group

of

autonomic nuclei

with neu-

rosecretory fibers (oxytocin and vasopressin)

10

5

Thalamic fasciculus. Fasciculus thalamicus. It

projecting to the posterior lobe of the hypophy-

lies below the thalamus, next to and above the

sis. They lie superiorly near the base of the hy-

zona incerta in field H1 and is composed of the

11

pothalamic sulcus and behind the anterior hy-

ventricular fasciculus, ansa

lenticularis

and

pothalamic nucleus. D

fibers from the cerebellum. It is a conveyor of

20

Anterior hypothalamic nucleus. Nucleus hy-

12

impulses for the anterior ventral and lateral

pothalamicus anterior. Located behind the pre-

ventral nuclei. C

6

Subthalamic fasciculus. Fasciculus subthalami-

optic nucleus with projections to the hemi-

13

spheres, stria terminalis and thalamus, its effer-

cus. Fiber bundle extending from the globus pal-

ent fibers communicate with motor and auton-

lidus to the subthalamic nucleus. C

omic nuclei. It influences heat regulation, glan-

7 Mamillothalamic fasciculus. Fasciculus mamil-

14

dular activity and circulation. D

lothalamicus. Fiber

tract extending

from the

21 Intermediate hypothalamic region. Regio hy-

mamillary body to the anterior nucleus of the

15

pothalamica intermedia. Area situated between

thalamus. D

8

Pedunculus

the

anterior

and posterior hypothalamic

re-

Inferior

thalamic

peduncle.

gions.

16

thalamicus inferior. Fibers between

the hy-

22

Arcuate

nucleus. [[Nucleus arcuatus]]. Mural

pothalamus and thalamus. According to some

nucleus situated in the entrance to the infun-

anatomists, it consists of fibers of the pulvinar

dibulum. It belongs to the tuberal nuclei, i. e., it

17

from and to the occipital lobes and its vicinity, as

regulates

the release

of

hormones from

the

well as fibers of the auditory tract.

anterior lobe by delivering an active substance

18

9 Ansa lenticularis and fasciculus lenticularis.

(neurohormone) to blood vessels of the hy-

Ansa et

fasciculus

lenticulares.

Two

fiber

pophysial stalk where its processes (axons) are

bundles from the lentiform nucleus to the ven-

found. D

19

tral nuclei of the thalamus. One part passes

23

Tuberal nuclei. Nuclei tuberales. Groups of nu-

around the anterior margin of the internal cap-

clei in the posterior wall of the infundibulum.

sule (ansa lenticularis); the other part passes

20

They function similar to the arcuate nucleus. D

through the internal capsule. Both tracts are

united in the thalamic fasciculus. C

24

Lateral

hypothalamic

region.

Regio

hy-

21

10

Ansa peduncularis and fasciculus peduncu-

pothalamica lateralis. Area separated from the

medial hypothalamus

by

the

fornix,

mamil-

laris. Ansa et fasciculus pedunculares. Fiber

lothalamic fasciculus and medial telencephalic

tract connecting the thalamus and claustrum,

22

fasciculus. It is occupied by the lateral preoptic

thereby extending between the lentiform nu-

cleus and the amygdaloid body. B C

nucleus and the supraoptic nucleus including its

lateral portion. D

23

11

Intrathalamic fibers. Fibrae

intrathalamicae.

Connections of individual thalamic nuclei.

304

Brain

Ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. Nucleus

14

Posterior

(dorsal)

longitudinal

fasciculus.

1

1

hypothalamicus ventromedialis. Lies in and

Fasciculus

longitudinalis dorsalis

[[Schütz]].

above the entrance into the infundibulum. This

Cranial continuation of a large portion of the

2

nucleus belongs to the group of tuberal nuclei

ventricular fibers. In the midbrain they lie close

and, like them, controls the release of regulating

to the cerebral aqueduct and connect the hy-

3

hormones for the anterior lobe via the hypophy-

pothalamus with the rest of the brainstem. B

sial stalk. A

15

Mamillotegmental

fasciculus.

Fasciculus

2

Dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus. Nucleus

mamillotegmentalis. Dissectible fiber bundle

4

hypothalamicus dorsomedialis. It lies near the

between the mamillary body and the tegmental

apex of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus

nuclei of the midbrain. It arises as a common

5

and has similar functions. A

trunk together with the mamillothalamic

3

Dorsal hypothalamic nucleus. Nucleus hy-

fasciculus and branches off into the mesen-

pothalamicus dorsalis. Group of cells located

cephalic tegmentum. B

6

below

the

dorsal

hypothalamic

area

(see

16

Mamillothalamic fasciculus. Fasciculus mamil-

p. 302.14). A

lothalamicus. It arises together with the mamil-

7

4

Posterior periventricular

nucleus. Nucleus

lotegmental fasciculus and passes to the ante-

periventricularis posterior. Cell group located

rior thalamic nuclei. B

below the ependyma in the posterior segment

17 Fornix. It conveys fibers from the hippocampal

8

of the 3rd ventricle. A

formation to the medial thalamic nuclei and hy-

5

Infundibular (arcuate) nucleus. Nucleus infun-

pothalamus, and projects fibers to the lateral

9

dibularis (arcuatus). It lies near the apex of the

nuclei of the mamillary body. B

funnel of the infundibulum and has functions

18 Fibers of stria terminalis. Fibrae striae termi-

similar to those of the tuberal nuclei. A

nalis. Fibers from the amygdaloid body which

10

6

Posterior hypothalamic area. Regio hy-

communicate with the stria terminalis in the

pothalamica posterior. It contains the lateral

hypothalamus. B

11

and medial nuclei of the mamillary body and

19

Medial prosencephalic fasciculus. Fasciculus

other structures.

prosencephalicus medialis. Fibers lying be-

12

7 Medial and lateral nuclei of mamillary body.

tween the medial and lateral hypothalamus.

Nuclei corporis mamillaris mediales/laterales.

They connect individual hypothalamic nuclei

The medial nucleus forms the mamillary body

with one another and continue toward the oc-

13

and is

the

origin

of the

mamillothalamic

ciput in the posterior longitudinal fasciculus. B

fasciculus. The lateral nucleus lies ventrolateral

20

Hypothalamohypophysial tract. Tractus hy-

14

and receives the fornix. A B

pothalamohypophysialis. Bundle of neu-

8

Posterior hypothalamic nucleus. Nucleus hy-

rosecretory fibers that arises after the union of

pothalamicus posterior. It lies occipital to the

the fiber groups from the supraoptic and para-

15

dorsomedial

and

ventromedial

nuclei

and

ventricular nuclei. B

above the mamillary body up to the hy-

21

Supraoptic fibers. Fibrae supraopticae. Fibers

16

pothalamic sulcus and influences circulation,

that arise in the supraoptic nucleus. B

peristalsis and the blood sugar level. A B

22

Paraventricular fibers. Fibrae paraventricu-

9 Neurohypophysis. In contrast to the two other

lares. Fibers that arise in the paraventricular nu-

17

posterior lobes of the hypophysis, it is of neuro-

cleus. B

genic origin; so is the continuation of the infun-

23

Supraopticohypophysial tract. Tractus su-

dibulum. B

praopticohypophysialis. Fibers that arise in the

18

10

Hypothalamic tract and fasciculi. Tractus et

supraoptic nucleus and form part of the hy-

fasciculi hypothalamici. Tracts and fiber

pothalamohypophysial tract.

19

bundles of the hypothalamus.

24

Paraventriculohypophysial tract. Tractus para-

11

Periventricular fibers. Fibrae periventriculares.

ventriculohypophysialis. Fibers that arise in the

Fiber tract directly under the ependyma of the

paraventricular nucleus and form part of the hy-

20

3rd ventricle. It is permeated by cells, connects

pothalamohypophysial tract.

the thalamus with the hypothalamus and con-

22

12 Dorsal supraoptic commissure. Commissura

supraoptica dorsalis [[Meynert]]. Decussation

lying directly above the chiasm. Passes to the

23

other side and may connect the subthalamic nu-

cleus with the contralateral globus pallidus.

13 Ventral supraoptic commissure. Commissura

24

supraoptica ventralis [[Gudden]]. Crossing fibers

lying partially in the chiasm. Among other

25

things, it may connect the medial geniculate bo-

dies with one another.

306

Brain

ENDBRAIN. Telencephalon. The endbrain, which

19

Ascending ramus. Ramus ascendens. Short

1

1

is formed by invagination of the prosencephalon

branch of the lateral sulcus ascending into the

(forebrain). It consists of the cerebral cortex to-

frontal lobe. A

2

gether with the corpus callosum, corpus stri-

20

Posterior ramus. Ramus posterior. Long poste-

atum and olfactory brain.

rior branch of the lateral sulcus terminating

3

2 CEREBRUM. In the present context, it comprises

near the supramarginal gyrus. A

the two cerebral hemispheres and their con-

21

Interlobar sulci. Sulci interlobares. Furrows

tents.

4

which separate the cerebral lobes from one

3

Cerebral cortex. Cortex cerebralis (pallium).

another. They include the central and parieto-

Paired portion of the hemispheres covering

occipital sulci and the lateral sulcus together

5

most of the brainstem.

with its posterior ramus.

4

Cerebral gyri. Gyri cerebrales. Convolutions of

22

Frontal lobe. Lobus frontalis. Lobe extending

6

the cerebral hemispheres, about 1 cm wide.

from the frontal pole to the central sulcus. A

5

Cerebral sulci. Sulci cerebrales. Fissures be-

23

Frontal pole. Polus frontalis. Anterior end of the

7

tween gyri.

frontal lobe. A

6

Cerebral lobes. Lobi cerebrales. The four lobes

24

Precentral sulcus. Sulcus precentralis. Furrow

8

of the cerebrum: frontal, parietal, temporal and

in front of the precentral gyrus. A

occipital.

25 Precentral gyrus. Gyrus precentralis. Convolu-

7

Longitudinal

fissure

of

cerebrum. Fissura

9

tion of the frontal lobe lying in front of the cen-

longitudinalis

cerebralis.

Deep

longitudinal

tral sulcus. Motor area of the cerebral cortex. A

groove between the

right and

left cerebral

26 Superior frontal gyrus. Gyrus frontalis superior

10

hemispheres. It lodges the falx cerebri. B

(primary motor area ???). A

8 Transverse fissure of cerebrum. Fissura trans-

27

Superior frontal sulcus. Sulcus frontalis super-

11

versa cerebralis [[fissura

telodiencephalica]].

Fissure beneath the corpus callosum and fornix

ior. Furrow below the superior frontal gyrus. A

as well as above the thalamus and roof of the 3rd

28

Middle frontal gyrus. Gyrus frontalis medius. A

12

ventricle. B

29

Inferior frontal sulcus. Sulcus frontalis inferior.

9 Lateral fossa of cerebrum. Fossa lateralis cere-

Furrow lying between the middle and inferior

13

bralis. Space deep within the lateral sulcus. B

frontal gyri. A

10 Superior (superomedial) margin. Margo su-

30 Inferior frontal gyrus. Gyrus frontalis inferior.

perior (superomedialis). Superior border of a

14

31

Opercular part (frontal operculum). Pars

hemisphere between the superolateral and me-

dial surface. B

opercularis [operculum frontale]. Part of infe-

15

11

Inferior (inferolateral) margin. Margo inferior

rior frontal gyrus lying behind the ascending

ramus and covering the insula. A

(inferolateralis). Inferolateral border of a hemi-

32

Orbital part. Pars orbitalis. Part of the inferior

16

sphere between the superolateral and inferior

surfaces. B

frontal gyrus located below the anterior ramus

12 Medial (inferomedial) margin. Margo medialis

of the lateral sulcus. A

17

33

Triangular part. Pars triangularis. Portion of

(inferomedialis). Inferomedial border of either

hemisphere between the inferior and medial

the inferior frontal gyrus located between the

18

surfaces. B

anterior and descending rami of the lateral sul-

13

[[Fissura limitans]]. Fissure between the insula

cus. Region of the motor speech center of Broca.

A

19

and opercula. The floor of this cleft, the sulcus

limitans, receives the insula.

14

Cerebral hemisphere. Hemispharium (cere-

20

bralis). Half of the telencephalon. B