Материал: Атлас Ханц фениш

180

Peritoneum

1

Intersigmoid recess. Recessus intersig-

18

Lateral umbilical fold [epigastric fold]. Plica

1

moideus. Peritoneal recess left of and below the

umbilicalis lateralis [[plica epigastrica]]. Peri-

root of the sigmoid mesocolon. A

toneal fold produced by the inferior epigastric

2

2

Superior ileocecal recess. Recessus ileocaecalis

artery. A B

superior. Peritoneal recess above the opening

19 Lateral inguinal fossa. Fossa inguinalis later-

3

of the ileum into the cecum. A

alis. Depression lateral to the lateral umbilical

3 Vascular cecal fold. Plica caecalis vascularis.

fold corresponding to the deep inguinal ring. B

4

Peritoneal fold in front of the superior ileocecal

20

Transverse vesical fold. Plica vesicalis trans-

recess; it contains a branch of the ileocolic

versa. Peritoneal fold extending transversely

artery. A

over the moderately filled bladder. It disap-

5

4 Inferior ileocecal recess. Recessus ileocaecalis

pears when the bladder is full. A

21 Paravesical fossa. Fossa paravesicalis. Shallow

inferior. Peritoneal recess below the opening of

6

the ileum into the cecum. A

depression lateral to the bladder. It is bounded

5

Ileocecal fold. Plica ileocaecalis. Peritoneal fold

laterally by the ductus deferens. B

in front of inferior ileocecal recess that extends

22 Urogenital peritoneum. Peritoneum urogeni-

7

inferiorly up to the appendix. A

tale. Peritoneum of the reproductive organs.

6 Retrocecal recess. Recessus retrocaecalis. Peri-

23

Vaginal process of peritoneum. [[Processus

toneal fold often present on the right side of the

vaginalis peritonei]]. Finger-like diverticulum

8

body behind the cecum or ascending colon. A

of the peritoneum that extends through the in-

7

Cecal folds. Plicae

caecales. Peritoneal folds

guinal canal accompanying the descent of the

9

testis.

outside the cecum. They correspond to the

24 Broad ligament of uterus. Lig. latum uteri. Per-

semilunar folds in the colon. A

8

Paracolic

sulci. Sulci

paracolici.

Occasional

itoneal duplication between the uterus and

10

lateral pelvic wall for transmission of vessels

pockets left of the descending colon. A

and nerves. A

9 Subphrenic recess. Recessus subphrenici. Peri-

11

25

Mesometrium. Portion of the broad ligament

toneal recess between the diaphragm and both

lobes of the liver, right and left of the falciform

passing to the uterus. A

12

ligament; it is bounded posterosuperiorly by

26

Mesosalpinx. Mesentery of uterine tube. A

the coronary ligament. C

27

Mesovarium. Mesentery of ovary. A

10

Subhepatic

recess.

Recessus

subhepatici.

28

Suspensory ligament of ovary. Lig. suspen-

13

Recess between the liver and transverse colon

sorium ovarii. Ligament derived from the

or adjoining viscera. C

cranial gonadal fold; it suspends the ovary su-

14

11

Hepatorenal

recess. Recessus hepatorenalis.

periorly and contains the ovarian vessels. A

29 Ovarian fossa. Fossa ovarica. Depression at the

Portion of the subhepatic recess bounded by

the kidney and suprarenal gland. C

origin of the internal and external iliac arteries.

15

12

Anterior

parietal

peritoneum.

Peritoneum

30

Rectouterine fold. Plica rectouterina. Peri-

parietale anterius.

toneal fold between the rectum and uterus. A

16

13

Median umbilical fold. Plica umbilicalis medi-

31 Rectouterine pouch [[pouch of Douglas]]. Ex-

ana [[plica umbilicalis media]]. Fold passing

cavatio rectouterina. Deepest part of abdominal

17

from the apex of the urinary bladder to the

cavity between the rectum, uterus and the two

umbilicus. It contains the remains of the ura-

rectouterine folds. A

chus. A B

32 Vesicouterine pouch. Excavatio vesicouterina.

18

14

Supravesical fossa. Fossa supravesicalis. Shal-

Peritoneal space between the uterus and blad-

low depression in front of the urinary bladder

der. A

19

between the median and medial umbilical

33

Rectovesical pouch. Excavatio rectovesicalis.

folds. B

Deepest part of the abdominal cavity between

15 Medial umbilical fold. Plica umbilicalis medi-

the rectum and bladder in the male.

20

alis [[plica umbilicalis lateralis]]. Fold corre-

sponding to the obliterated umbilical artery. It

21

is located in the anterior abdominal wall be-

tween the median umbilical (obliterated ura-

22

chus) and lateral umbilical (inferior epigastric

artery) folds. A B

254

Lymphatic system

16

Right lymphatic duct (right thoracic duct).

1

1

Systema lymphaticum.

2

Lymphatic vessels. Vasa lymphatica.

Ductus lymphaticus dexter (ductus thoracicus

dexter). It is formed by the union of the right

2

3

Lymphatic capillary. Vas lymphocapillare. Any

jugular, subclavian

and bronchomediastinal

of the vessels of the lymphatic system that

trunks. It may be absent. B

3

form closed networks and have permeable

17

Thoracic duct. Ductus thoracicus. Arises from

walls. C

the cisterna chyli a short distance below the di-

4

Lymphatic capillary network. Rete lympho-

aphragm, courses upward behind the aorta and

4

opens into the venous angle, i. e., the angle be-

capillare. Network of lymphocapillary veins. C

5

Lymphatic vessel. Vas lymphaticum. Any of the

tween the left internal jugular and subclavian

5

veins. B

valvular lymphatic vessels that communicate

18

Arch of thoracic duct. Arcus ductus thoracici.

with the lymphocapillary vessels. Their thin

Arch formed by the thoracic duct before enter-

6

walls are sparsely lined with smooth muscles. C

ing the venous angle. B

6

Lymphatic plexus. Plexus lymphaticus. Net-

19

Cervical part. Pars

cervicalis. Short cervical

7

work of lymphatic vessels lying deeper than

segment in front of C7. B

the lymphocapillary vessels. In the outer layers

20

Thoracic part. Pars thoracica. It begins at the

of the skin, it lies within and directly below the

aortic hiatus and ends at the upper margin of

8

corium. C

T1. B

7 Superficial lymphatic vessel. Vas lymphaticum

21

Abdominal part. Pars abdominalis. Very short

9

superficiale. It is situated superficially on the

segment in front of L1. B

fascia of the limbs.

22 Cisterna chyli. Variable dilatation at the origin

10

8

Deep lymphatic vessel. Vas lymphaticum pro-

of the thoracic duct. It receives the lumbar and

fundum. It lies beneath the fascia of the limbs

intestinal trunks. B

11

and often, but not always, accompanies blood

23 Lymph node. Nodus lymphaticus (Lym-

vessels.

phonodus). Lymphoreticular filtering organ, 1−

12

9

Lymphatic trunks. Trunci lymphatici. Five

25 mm in diameter, within the lymphatic ves-

main lymphatic branches of the lymph-vascu-

sels. Since lymph must usually traverse two

lar system.

lymph nodes before arriving in the blood

13

10

Right/left lumbar trunk. Truncus lumbaris

stream at the venous angle, there is double pro-

tection against the invasion of pathogens or

dexter/sinister. Main

branch

which

brings

tumor cells into the blood stream. A

14

lymph to the cisterna chyli from the legs, pelvic

24 Afferent lymphatic vessels. Vas lymphaticum

viscera, urogenital system and parts

of the

afferens. Any of the vessels that carry lymph to

abdominal wall and the abdominal viscera. B

15

a lymph node; located on the convex surface of

11

Intestinal trunks. Trunci intestinales. Main

the node. A

16

conduits which transport lymph to the cisterna

25 Efferent lymphatic vessel. Vas lymphaticum

chyli from the supply region of the superior and

efferens. Any of the vessels that carry lymph

inferior mesenteric arteries. B

away from a lymph node; located on the hilum

17

12

Right/left bronchomediastinal trunk. Truncus

of the node. A

bronchomediastinalis dexter/sinistra. It col-

26

Cortex. Part of the lymphoreticular tissue pro-

18

lects lymph from the heart, lungs and medi-

ximal to the capsule. A

astinum. On the left

side it

opens into the

27 Medulla. Lymphoreticular tissue between cor-

thoracic duct, on the right side, the right lym-

tex and hilum. A

19

phatic duct. Often, however, both may open

28

Hilum. Somewhat retracted area where blood

directly into the subclavian veins. B

20

13

Right/left subclavian trunk. Truncus sub-

vessels enter and where blood and lymphatic

vessels exit. A

clavius dexter/sinister. Arises from the arm, ac-

29

Lymphatic nodule.

Nodulus lymphaticus

companies the subclavian vein and usually

21

(lymphonodulus). Spherical condensation of

opens on the right side into the right lymphatic

duct and on the left side into the angle between

lymphoreticular tissue predominantly occupy-

ing the cortex. It exhibits a lighter central area

22

the left subclavian vein and internal jugular

(“reaction center”). A

vein. B

23

14

Right/left jugular trunk. Truncus jugularis

dexter/sinister. Accompanies the internal jugu-

lar vein and passes to the angle between the in-

24

ternal jugular and subclavian veins (venous

angle). B

25

15

Lymphatic ducts. Ductus lymphatici. The main

drainage ducts of the lymphatic system.

256

Lymphatic system

REGIONAL LYMPH NODES. Nodi lymphatici re-

15

Submental lymph nodes. Nodi lymphatici sub-

1

1

gionales.

mentales. Nodes between the anterior bellies

2 Head and neck. Caput et collum.

of the digastric muscles. Afferents: middle of

2

lower lip, floor of mouth and tip of tongue.

3 Occipital lymph nodes. Nodi lymphatici occipi-

Efferents: deep cervical and submental lymph

3

tales. One to three lymph nodes lying close to

nodes. B

the margin of the trapezius. Afferents: scalp,

16

Submandibular lymph nodes. Nodi lymphatici

deep cervical muscles. Efferents: deep cervical

submandibulares.

Nodes

between

the

4

lymph nodes. A

mandible and submandibular gland that serve

4 Mastoid [retroauricular] lymph nodes. Nodi

as first and second filter stations. Direct affer-

5

lymphatici mastoidei [[retroauriculares]]. Usu-

ent area: inner canthus of eye, cheek, side of

ally two nodes on the mastoid process. Affer-

nose, upper lip, lateral lower lip, gingiva and

ents: posterior surface of pinna, posterior wall

anterior lateral margin of tongue. Indirect affer-

6

of external acoustic meatus and corresponding

ents: facial and submental lymph nodes. Effer-

parts of scalp. Efferents: deep cervical lymph

ents: deep cervical lymph nodes. B

7

nodes. A

17

Anterior cervical lymph nodes. Nodi lymphat-

5 Superficial partodi lymph nodes. Nodi lym-

ici cervicales anteriores.

8

phatici parotidei superficiales. They lie on the

18

Superficial (anterior jugular) lymph nodes.

parotid fascia in front of the tragus. Afferents:

Nodi lymphatici superficiales (jugulares anteri-

junction of temporal region and anterior sur-

ores). Nodes on the internal jugular vein. Affer-

9

face of pinna. Efferents: deep cervical lymph

ent region: skin of anterior side of neck. Effer-

nodes. A

ents: bilateral deep cervical lymph nodes. A

10

6

Deep parotid lymph nodes. Nodi lymphatici

19

Deep lymph nodes. Nodi lymphatici profundi.

parotidei profundi. Group beneath the parotid

Anterior group.

11

fascia.

Afferents:

tympanic

cavity,

external

19 a

Infrahyoid lymph nodes. Nodi lymphatici in-

acoustic meatus, frontotemporal region, eye-

lids, root of nose, and sometimes the posterior

frahyoidei. They lie in the midline below the

body of the hyoid bone. Afferent areas: larny-

12

floor of the nose and nasopharyngeal cavity.

geal vestibule, piriform recess and adjacent hy-

Efferents: deep cervical lymph nodes. A

popharynx.

Efferents: deep

cervical

lymph

Preauricular

lymph

nodes. Nodi lymphatici

7

13

nodes. B

prae-auriculares. Group located in front of the

20

Prelaryngeal

lymph

nodes.

Nodi

lymphatici

pinna. A

14

praelaryngeales3. Nodes on

the

cricothyroid

8

Infra-auricular lymph nodes. Nodi lymphat-

ligament. Afferent area: lower half of larynx.

ici infra-auriculares. Group beneath the pinna.

Efferents: deep cervical lymph nodes. B

15

A

21

Thyroid lymph nodes. Nodi lymphatici thyroidei.

9

Intraglandular lymph nodes. Nodi lymphatici

Nodes on the thyroid gland. Efferents: as in 20.

16

intraglandulares.

Group situated

directly

B

within the parotid. A

22

Pretracheal lymph nodes. Nodi lymphatici pre-

17

10

Facial lymph nodes. Nodi lymphatici faciales.

tracheales. Nodes in front of the trachea. Affer-

ent regions: trachea and larynx. Efferents: deep

Variable lymph nodes that receive lymph from

18

the eyelids, nose and the rest of the face and

cervical lymph nodes. B

buccal

mucosa.

Efferents:

submandibular

23

Paratracheal lymph nodes. Nodi lymphatici par-

lymph nodes. The vessels accompany the facial

atracheales. Nodes beside the trachea. Actions

artery.

19

similar to those of 22. B

11

Buccinator

node.

[Nodus

buccinatorius].

23 a Retropharyngeal lymph nodes. Nodi lymphatici

20

Lymph node situated deep within the buccina-

retropharyngeales. Deep cervical lymph nodes

tor muscle. A

in front of the arch of the atlas. See p. 258.13

21

12

Nasolabial node. [Nodus nasolabialis]. Lymph

node located below the nasolabial fold. A

22

13

Malar node. [Nodus malaris]. Superficial

lymph node of the cheek.

23

14 Mandibular

node.

[Nodus

mandibularis].

Lymph node located on the mandible. A

24

14 a

Lingual lymph nodes. Nodi lymphatici lingu-

ales. Nodes located on the hyoglossus muscle.

They drain lymph from the lower surface and

25

lateral margin to tongue as well as the medial

anterior two-thirds of its dorsal surface.