Материал: Руководство ВОЗ по питанию женщин
© ȼɫɟɦɢɪɧɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ – 2002 ɝ.
ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɟ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɛɸɪɨ ȼɈɁ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɡɚ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɜɫɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɦ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ. Ɍɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɟɝɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨ ɪɟɰɟɧɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ, ɪɟɮɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ, ɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɹɡɵɤ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɫɞɟɥɚɧɚ ɫɫɵɥɤɚ ɧɚ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬ (ɧɟ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɥɢɲɶ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɚ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɥɢɛɨ ɢɧɨɟ ɟɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɰɟɥɹɯ). ɑɬɨ ɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɦɛɥɟɦɵ ȼɈɁ, ɬɨ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɷɬɨ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɨ ɨɬ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɛɸɪɨ ȼɈɁ. Ʌɸɛɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɉɟɪɟɜɨɞɱɢɤ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɝɨ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɚ. Ɋɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɛɸɪɨ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɟɫɥɢ ɟɦɭ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɬɪɢ ɷɤɡɟɦɩɥɹɪɚ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɚ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚ. ȼɫɸ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɥɸɛɵɟ ɜɡɝɥɹɞɵ, ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɟ, ɧɟɫɭɬ ɫɚɦɢ ɚɜɬɨɪɵ.
Ɋɟɞɚɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɝɨ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɫɥɭɠɛɟ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɛɸɪɨ ȼɈɁ, Ʉɨɩɟɧɝɚɝɟɧ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ:
Ⱦɜɚ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɢɠɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ, ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɵ ɞɨ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɤɭɪɫɚ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɷɬɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɡɨɫɥɚɧɵ ɜɫɟɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɚɦ
ɤɚɤ ɦɢɧɢɦɭɦ ɡɚ 10 ɞɧɟɣ ɞɨ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɤɭɪɫɚ.
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ɋɈȾȿɊɀȺɇɂȿ |
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ɋɬɪ. |
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Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɚ.......................................................................................................... |
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Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɰɟɥɢ ɤɭɪɫɚ ............................................................................................................ |
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Ɂɚɞɚɱɢ................................................................................................................................ |
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Ɏɨɪɦɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɚ.................................................................................................. |
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Ⱦɨɦɚɲɧɹɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ.............................................................................................................. |
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ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɬɶ.................................................................................................... |
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Ɋɚɫɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɚ....................................................................................................... |
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Ɉɰɟɧɤɚ............................................................................................................................... |
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ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ Ⱥ: ɉɪɟɞɤɭɪɫɨɜɵɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ.................................................................................... |
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Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɟ I .............................................................................................................................. |
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Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɟ II............................................................................................................................. |
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ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ B: Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦɵɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ.................. |
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ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ C: Ɉɫɧɨɜɵ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ............................................................................................. |
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ɍɱɟɛɧɵɣ ɤɭɪɫ “Ɂɞɨɪɨɜɚɹ ɩɢɳɚ ɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ ɢ ɢɯ ɫɟɦɟɣ”
1.Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɚ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɫɟɪɢɢ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɨɜ, ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɢ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ (ɋɐȼȿ/ɇɇȽ). Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɠɟɧɳɢɧɵ ɢ ɞɟɬɢ, ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɞɟɜɨɱɤɢ ɜ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟ ɨɬ 5 ɩɨ 19 ɥɟɬ, ɢ ɠɟɧɳɢɧɵ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɜ ɪɚɧɧɟɦ ɩɨɫɥɟɪɨɞɨɜɨɦ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɟ. ȼɬɨɪɵɦ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɦ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɟɬɢ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɭɬɪɨɛɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ, ɧɨɜɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɧɵɟ, ɞɟɬɢ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɝɨɞɚ ɠɢɡɧɢ. Ɉɫɨɛɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɚɯ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɟɪɢɢ ɩɪɢɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦ, ɨɬɧɨɫɹɳɢɦɫɹ ɤ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɸ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ, ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɚɦ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɫɧɢɡɢɬɶ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɦɥɚɞɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɦɟɪɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ.
2.Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɰɟɥɢ ɤɭɪɫɚ
Ɉɛɳɟɣ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɟɪɢɢ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɭɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɦɚɬɟɪɢ ɢ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ. ɋɟɦɢɧɚɪ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɜɚɲɢɯ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ, ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɹ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɩɨ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɸ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ɨɯɪɚɧɵ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɦɚɬɟɪɢ ɢ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɢ, ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ, ɧɚ ɨɯɜɚɬ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɭɹɡɜɢɦɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ. ɗɬɢ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɬ: ɞɟɜɭɲɟɤ, ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ, ɦɚɬɟɪɟɣ, ɞɟɬɟɣ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɝɨɞɚ ɠɢɡɧɢ.
Ɉɫɨɛɚɹ ɰɟɥɶ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɚ – ɧɚɭɱɢɬɶ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɦ ɨɩɵɬɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɨɦɭɩɢɬɚɧɢɸ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɝɪɭɩɩɚɦ, ɤɚɤ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɤɨɪɦɹɳɢɟ ɠɟɧɳɢɧɵ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɠɟɧɳɢɧɵ, ɩɥɚɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ.
3.Ɂɚɞɚɱɢ
ɉɨ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɢ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɚ ɟɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɢ:
1.ɭɥɭɱɲɚɬ ɫɜɨɢ ɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɢɳɢ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ ɞɨ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɥɚɤɬɚɰɢɢ;
2.ɛɭɞɭɬ ɭɦɟɬɶ ɪɚɫɩɨɡɧɚɜɚɬɶ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ, ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɬɟɯ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɩɢɳɟɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɞɨ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɥɚɤɬɚɰɢɢ;
3.ɧɚɭɱɚɬɫɹ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɩɢɳɟɜɵɟ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ ɞɨ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɥɚɤɬɚɰɢɢ;
4.ɩɨɜɵɫɹɬ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɨ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ ɞɨ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɥɚɤɬɚɰɢɢ;
5.ɛɭɞɭɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɞ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚ ɩɨ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɸ ɢɥɢ ɜɪɚɱɚ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ;
6.ɭɦɟɬɶ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɦɟɪɵ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɩɨ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɸ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ ɢ ɢɯ ɫɟɦɟɣ.
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ɍɱɟɛɧɵɣ ɤɭɪɫ “Ɂɞɨɪɨɜɚɹ ɩɢɳɚ ɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɠɟɧɳɢɧ ɢ ɢɯ ɫɟɦɟɣ”
4.Ɏɨɪɦɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɚ
Ɋɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɬ ɩɨ ɜɨɫɟɦɶ ɱɚɫɨɜ ɟɠɟɞɧɟɜɧɨ ɬɪɢ ɞɧɹ. ɉɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɦɨɝɚɟɬ ɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɧɢɢ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɜ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ.
5.Ⱦɨɦɚɲɧɹɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ
Ⱦɨ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɚ ɜɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɪɨɡɞɚɧɧɭɸ ɜɚɦ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɸ ɢ ɫɨɩɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɜɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɬ ɫɛɨɪ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ, ɨɩɪɨɫ ɤɨɥɥɟɝ ɢ ɨɛɞɭɦɵɜɚɧɢɟ. ɗɬɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ – ɧɟɨɬɴɟɦɥɟɦɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɚ ɢ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɚ. Ⱦɨɦɚɲɧɟɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɫɵɥɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɫɟɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɚɦ ɤɚɤ ɦɢɧɢɦɭɦ ɡɚ 10 ɞɧɟɣ ɞɨ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɚ (ɫɦ. ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ Ⱥ).
6.ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɬɶ
ȼɚɦ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɨɡɞɚɧ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɞɨ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɚ. ɗɬɨ ɩɨɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɚɦ ɥɭɱɲɟ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɭɢ ɫ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɬɪɢ ɞɧɹ, ɨɬɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪ. ɗɬɨɬ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɨɦ “Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦɵɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ”, ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢ ɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ, ɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɫ ɬɟɦɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɜ ɋɋɋɊ
ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɞɥɹ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɱɬɟɧɢɹ ɞɨ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɤɭɪɫɚ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ “Ɉɫɧɨɜɵ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ” (ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɋ).
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