Exercise 13. Заполните пропуски глаголами do, did, are, have. Выполните перевод.
1. I _____ not see Andrew yesterday. 2. How long _____ you lived there? 3. Why _____ you learning English? 4. _____
you seen anybody today? 5. What _____ you think of your new teacher? To my mind she is very nice. 6. _____ you angry about what happened? 7. _____ you read a newspaper yesterday? 8. My mother knows Mrs. Dave better than I _____. 9. They
_____ a lot of crying last night. 10. You _____ always making mistakes.
Exercise 14. Напишите данные глаголы в Past Simple:
become |
....... begin |
...... break |
...... |
bring....... |
catch...... |
come..... |
drink....... |
eat.... |
fall...... |
feel...... |
forget ...... |
get......... |
give.... |
hear....... |
hold..... |
keep..... |
know...... |
learn...... |
leave ..... |
let.... |
make..... |
pay ...... |
put......... |
read........ |
say......... |
shut....... |
sit.... |
speak......... |
stand........ |
take....... |
tell… |
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Exercise 15. Напишите недостающие формы глаголов.
Infinitive |
Past Participle |
Infinitive |
Past Participle |
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begun |
drive |
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Bend |
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fed |
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burnt |
fly |
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Come |
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forbidden |
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crept |
forget |
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Cut |
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hung |
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dealt |
hear |
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Draw |
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hidden |
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drunk |
hit |
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Exercise 16. Составьте отрицательные предложения в Past Simple, пользуясь словами в скобках.
1.We spoke Spanish together. (Arabic)............................
2.My uncle taught mathematics. (science).......................
3.Bill cooked the potatoes. (the fish)...............................
4.I took my mother to the mountains. (my father) …………
5.We told our parents everything. (the police)..................
6.I wrote to my sister. (my brother)..................................
7.I liked the party. (the music).........................................
8.We knew her address. (phone number)..........................
Exercise 17. Напишите предложения в Present или Past Simple.
1. My sister (to get) up at eight o'clock. 2. She (to be) a schoolgirl. She (to go) to school in the afternoon. 3. Jane (to be) fond of sports. She (to do) her morning exercises every day. 4. For breakfast she (to have) two eggs, a sandwich and a cup of
tea. 5. After breakfast she (to go) to school. 6. It (to take) him two hours to do his homework. 7. She (to speak) French well. 8. My working day (to begin) at seven o'clock. I (to get) up, (to switch) on the radio and (to do) my morning exercises. It (to take) me fifteen minutes.
Past Continuous
Рассмотрите такую ситуацию:
Yesterday Tom and Jim played tennis. They began at 10 o'clock and finished at 11 o'clock.
–What were they doing at 10.30?
–They were playing tennis (at 10.30).
They were playing означает, что они находились где-то посередине игры. Они начали, но не закончили. Это и есть
Past Continuous (прошедшее продолженное) время. Иногда его ещё называют Past Progressive (прошедшее прогрессивное), т.е. показывается, что действие продолжается, находится в прогрессе.
Образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в прошедшем времени и добавлением -ing к основе смыслового глагола:
I / He / She / It |
was playing |
We / You / They |
were playing |
Вот ещё несколько примеров:
–This time last year I was living in Brazil.
–What were you doing at 10 o'clock last night?
Past Continuous не показывает, нам закончено действие или нет. Возможно, закончилось, возможно, нет, нас это не интересует.
Сравните:
–Tom was cooking dinner. (Past Continuous) = Том был в процессе приготовления обеда, и мы не знаем, закончил он или нет.
–Tom cooked dinner. (Past Simple) = Он начал и закончил готовить.
Мы часто используем Past Continuous и Past Simple вместе, когда нам нужно показать, что какое-то действие происходит во время другого действия:
–Tom burnt his hand when he was cooking dinner.
–I saw Jim in the park. He was sitting on the grass and reading a book.
–It was raining when I got up this morning.
–While I was working in the garden, I hurt my back.
Однако используем только Past Simple, когда события идут одно за другим:
–Yesterday evening Tom was having a bath when the phone rang. He got out of the bath and answered the phone.
Сравните:
–When Tom arrived, we were having dinner. (Past Continuous) = Мы уже начали обедать, когда Том пришел.
–When Tom arrived, we had dinner. (Past Simple) = Том пришел, а затем мы начали обедать.
Внимание! Помните, что некоторые глаголы в Continuous вообще не употребляются:
1) verbs of feeling: like, dislike, hate, love, prefer, want, wish:
I like this music. (not I'm liking ...)
Do you want to go now? (not Are you wanting ...?)
2) sense verbs: see, look, smell, taste, feel:
This spaghetti tastes delicious. (not This spaghetti is tasting...)
3) other verbs: have (== process), own, belong to, owe, hear, include, cost, contain, weigh, sound, be, seem, need:
I weigh 50 kilos. (not I'm weighing ...) I'm a manager. (not I'm being ...)
Exercise 18. Выберите нужную форму глагола в Past Simple или Past Continuous.
1. While Tom (cooked / was cooking) dinner, the phone (was ringing / rang). 2. George (fell / was falling) off the
ladder while he (painted / was painting) the ceiling. 3. Last night I (read / was reading) in bed when suddenly I (was hearing / heard) a scream. 4. (Did you watch / Were you watching) television when I phoned you? 5. Ann (waited / was waiting) for me when I (was arriving / arrived). 6. I (didn’t drive / wasn’t driving) very fast when the accident (was happening / happened). 7. I (broke / was breaking) a plate last night. I (was doing / did) the washing-up when it (slipped / was slipping) out of my hand. 8. I fell asleep when I (watched / was watching) television.
Exercise 19. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в Past Simple или Past Continuous. Сделайте перевод.
1.They (to wait) for the bus when the accident (to happen).
2.Caroline (to ski) when she (to brake) her leg.
3.When we (to arrive) he (to have) a bath.
4.When the fire (to start) I (to watch) television.
5.While we (to write) the dictation, someone (to brake) the window.
6.I (to have) my breakfast when the light (to go off).
Exercise 20. Выберите правильную форму выделенных глаголов. Прочтите и переведите диалог по ролям.
Adam: Hello, Mike. What (are you doing / do you do) in this part of
London?
Mike: Well, actually, (I am looking / I look) at flats round here.
Adam: Flats? (Are you wanting / Do you want) to move?
Mike: Yes, in fact, believe it or not, Mandy and I (are getting / get) married.
Adam: That's great! Congratulations. When (were you deciding / did you decide)?
Mike: Last week. It was while we (were staying / stayed) with her
family in Scotland. Now (we try / we’re trying) to find a suitable flat.
Adam: It will be great to have you as neighbours. I hope you manage to buy one soon.
Mike: Oh we (aren’t looking / don’t look) for one to buy. We (aren’t having / don’t have) enough money yet. (We’re wanting / We want) to find somewhere to rent.
Adam: Yes, of course. That's what we (did / were doing) at first. Actually, in the end, my brother (was lending / lent) us some money. That's how we (were managing / managed) to buy ours.
Mike: Really? Perhaps I'll talk to my family before (we choose / we’re choosing) a flat.
Adam: That's not a bad idea. My family (gave / were giving) us quite a lot of helpful advice. Now, what about some coffee? There's a good place just round the corner.
Mike: Oh, yes, I (looked / was looking) for somewhere to sit down when I bumped into you. Let's go.
Exercise 21. Выберите правильную форму глаголов в скобках.
1.You can turn off the television. I (am not watching / do not watch) it.
2.Last night Jenny fell asleep while she (read / was reading).
3.Listen! Somebody (plays / is playing) the piano.
4.“Have you got my key?” “No, I (was giving / gave) it back to you.”
5.David is very lazy. He (doesn’t like / isn’t liking) hard work.
6.Where (did your parents go / were your parents going) for their holidays last year?
7.I saw Diane yesterday. She (drove / was driving) her new car.
8.A: (Do you watch / Are you watching) television very often?
B:No, I haven't got a television set.
9.A: What (were you doing / did you do) at 6 o'clock last Sunday morning?
B:I was in bed asleep.
10.Andy isn't at home very often. He (goes / is going) away a lot. 11.I (try / am trying) to find a job at the moment. It's very difficult.
12.I'm tired this morning. I (didn’t sleep / wasn’t sleeping) very well last night.
Future Simple (will)
Мы используем will (или shall с местоимениями 1-го лица) ('ll), когда решаем что-то сделать прямо в момент разговора:
– Oh, I've left the door open. I'll go and shut it.
–"What would you like to drink?" – "I'll have a lemonade, please."
–"Did you phone Ann?" – "No, I forgot. I'll do it now."
–I'm too tired to walk home. I think I'll get a taxi.
Мы не можем использовать настоящее простое в таких предложениях: I'll go and shut it. (not I go and shut it)
Мы также не используем will, когда речь идет о чем-то запланированном: I can't meet you tomorrow because my
parents are coming to see me. (not my parents will come) |
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Мы часто используем I think I'll......... |
or I don't think I'll........ |
, когда мы только что надумали что-то сделать: |
–I think I'll stay at home this evening.
–I don't think I'll go out tonight. I'm too tired.
Мы часто используем will в следующих ситуациях:
1)когда предлагаем что-либо сделать:
–That bag looks heavy. I'll help you with it. (not I help)
–"I need some money." – "Don't worry. I'll lend you some."
2)когда соглашаемся или отказываемся что-нибудь делать:
–"You know that book I lent you? Can I have it back?" – "Of course, I'll bring it back this afternoon." (not I bring)
–The car won't start. (=the car "refuses" to start)
3)когда обещаем сделать что-нибудь:
–Thank you for lending me the money. I'll pay you back on Friday. (not I pay)
–I won't tell Tom what you said. I promise.
–I promise I'll phone you as soon as I arrive.
–I shan't (I won't) be here tomorrow.
Изаметьте, что мы используем shall, а не will в вопросах: shall I....? или shall we.......? для обозначения вежливых просьб и предложений (с he, she, it, you, they мы используем will):
–Shall I open the window? (= Do you want me to open the window?)
–I’ve got no money. What shall I do? (= What do you suggest I do?)
–Where shall we go this evening?
Отрицательная форма образуется с помощью not после shall / will = shan’t / won’t.
Внимание! Мы часто говорим о будущем, но не имеем в виду какие-то планы или намерения. В таких случаях используем will ('ll):
–"I’m very worried about my examination next week."
–"Don’t worry, Tom, you'll pass."
When you return home, you'll notice a lot of changes.
This time next year I'll be in Japan. Where will you be?