|
5,6 |
8, 4 |
11, 4 |
|
14 |
|
|
|
|
|
4, 2 |
8, 2 |
|
|
6 |
|
|
z |
5,8 |
z |
|
u; |
(2.48) |
|||
|
|
10,8 |
16,8 |
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
10, 2 |
|
|
|
|
|||
y 2,8 |
2, 2 |
3, 2 z. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
, x
z ,
y u -
.
2.6.
: -
( ) .
–
( ,
),
.
( ) – ,
-
.
:
.
– , -
, -
, . . -
.
– ,
-
. -
, . .
.
-
.
:
30
– ,
( )
. , .
– ,
, .
, -
-
, .
–
, -
.
,
, -
.
, 1- -
. -
, 2-
. , -
( . . 2.7).
,
-
. , .
-
,
= K + 0. |
(2.49) |
K. -
, ,
. ,
.
, -
-
.
– -
,
.
,
-
, . ,
, – –
.
31
2.7.
,
, -
, .
y = F(x,f), t.
.
-
y
x:
y = F(x ). |
(2.50) |
( . 2.6, )
y ( ).
f,
y = F(x)
f ( . 2.6, ), y = F(f) x.
) |
|
) |
f3 |
|
|
||
|
|
f2 |
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
f1 |
|
|
|
|
. 2.6.
.
y = Kx. , -
( ) K . -
K = y/u,
. -
( -
), ( . . 2.11).
32
. -
, -
, .
y(t) ( . 2.7).




t
. 2.7.
, .
( . 2.8).
x |
x |
x |
x |
1 |
|
t |
|
|
|
t |
t |
t |
) |
) |
) |
) |
|
, |
|
) |
|
) |
|
|
. 2.8.
( , -
, , -
) – , -
– .
1(t)
0, t 0; |
(2.51) |
1(t) |
|
1, t 0. |
|
33
( , ) – -
, , -
( ,
.). -
.
(t)
|
, t 0; |
(2.52) |
|||
|
(t) |
||||
|
0, t 0. |
|
|||
|
|
d1(t) |
|
|
|
(t)dt 1(t) (t) |
. |
(2.53) |
|||
|
|||||
|
|
dt |
|
||
(t)
:
h(t) -
-
(t) x(t) = 1(t)
, . . (0) = 0 (0) = 0 ( . 2.9, ).
w(t) -
-
, . .
(0) = 0 (0) = 0 ( . 2.9, ).
y |
h(t) |
) |
y |
x(t) = (t) |
) |
w(t)
x(t) = 1(t)
t |
t |
. 2.9. :) h(t);
) w(t)
, -
.
34