Материал: англ универ новая книга

reasonable - разумный

aluminium phosphide - фосфид алюминия drum - барабан, цилиндр

to list - вносить в список carbon disulphide - сероуглерод

can-hook - бочечный строп с храпцами barrel hook - бочечный строп с храпцами snotter - строп с коушем

to rely - полагаться

tarpaulin - смоленая парусина, брезент cushion - прокладка, подушка

to bump - ударяться, стукаться to prescribe - предписывать complicated - сложный

to assign - назначать, определять convoy - караван (судов)

Expressions

to take measures - принимать меры that's it - вот именно

it's quite reasonable - вполне разумно

Just a minute! - Одну минуточку! (восклицание) It's one thing. - Это с одной стороны.

the main point is that - главное в том, что at all - совсем, вовсе

in the mean time - тем временем; между тем some time later - немного позже

ship-shape - в полном порядке; «морской порядок»

That's what I've got from the telex. - Это то, что я понял из телекса.

TEXT

The transportation of dangerous goods has always been a serious problem, because it can bring peril to people's life. It can cause some

material damage to transport means and to other cargoes, to say nothing of the harm to environment.

For many years people in different countries have been studying the properties of these dangerous goods and trying to work out special regulations for their safe carriage. Before the Second World War some of the countries had worked out their own regulations. These regulations differed from each other and were not unified.

After the Second World War the volume of transporting dangerous goods and chemicals has considerably grown up due to the increased use of them both in industry and agriculture. In 1956 the United Nations Organization was faced with this problem and it formed a special

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Committee of Experts to consider the international aspect of transporting dangerous goods both by sea and land.

In 1960 the International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea charged 1IMCO with an important task to elaborate a unified system of carrying dangerous goods by sea. Thus a special International Code was worked out, approved and recommended to all the governments at the IMCO's Assembly.

This International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code was published in four volumes. A Russian version of this Code has been recently published in three volumes for domestic use. It is named "Regulations for Carrying Dangerous Goods by Sea", and it contains an annex called "Medical First Aid Guide".

In accordance with the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code all the dangerous goods have been divided into 9 classes, namely:

Class 1 — Explosives,

Class 2 — Gases: compressed, liquified or dissolved under pressure, Class 3 — Inflammable Liquids,

Class 4 — Inflammable Solids,

Class 5 — Oxidizing Substances,

Class 6 — Poisonous (toxic) Substances, Class 7 — Radioactive Substances, Class 8 — Corrosives,

Class 9 — Miscellaneous dangerous substances.

Special recommendations and provisions are given in this Code for each class of the goods.

Instructions for stowing these goods and segregating them from other cargoes are also given in this Code, so far as these goods may be incompatible with certain substances.

Detailed information is given in this Code with regard to properties, packing, labelling, stowage and carriage of these goods, separately for each class.

Much attention is paid to providing appropriate fire-fighting equipment and recommendations are given as to what preventive measures should be taken to avoid explosion or fire aboard.

When receiving these goods aboard the ship the Master and Cargo Officer should thoroughly ascertain and consider what danger may these goods present. They should carefully check whether these goods are properly packed and marked and should foresee what special precautions are required for safe handling and stowage of them.

1 IMCO Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization nowadays called IMO.

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DIALOGUES

1

AGENT. I say, Captain, we've got a telex from your shipowners asking us to help you in taking aboard some dangerous goods.

CAPTAIN. Yes, I know of the fact, but I'm still missing some details. They are supposed to be settled on the spot.

AGENT. Yes, that's it. That's what I've got from my telex too. I haven't intentionally brought with me the shippers' representative here, because I wanted first to have a preliminary talk with you.

CAPTAIN. It's quite reasonable, thank you. What kind of goods are they going to ship?

AGENT. Well, it's aluminium phosphide, in metal drums, something about 200 drums.

CAPTAIN. Wait a moment, let me consult the Code. I want to see whether this substance is listed there. Oh, yes, there it is. Class No. 6.1. May be carried under deck. What else are they going to ship?

AGENT. The other cargo is Carbon Disulphide, about the same quantity. CAPTAIN. Just a minute. I'll try to find it in the Code. Oh, here it is. You

see, this substance is Class 3.1. The maximum quantity to be carried on any ship is only 500 kilos. It's one thing. But the main point is that we can't take it at all, because this substance is incompatible with the other goods we've got aboard the ship.

AGENT. I see, Captain, you are quite an expert in this line. I think I can bring the shippers' representative here so that you might discuss with him all the particulars you need. In the mean time, couldn't I be helpful to you in some other respect?

CAPTAIN. Oh, yes, certainly. You see, so far as we shall have to deal with these drums of aluminium phosphide we shall need some 35-40

can-hooks or barrel hooks to handle the cargo. Perhaps we may need some 20-25 snotters too. Can you supply us with these things?

AGENT. Of course, we can. It's no problem here. Anything else that I can

do for you?

CAPTAIN. Yes, sir. I would like you to check very carefully all the shipping documents and certificates relating to this shipment.

AGENT. All right, sir. I'll do it and let you know the results some time later. You may rely on me.

2

CAPTAIN. Have you checked the proper condition of the cargo? SURVEYOR. Yes, sir, everything is ship-shape, you may start

discharging.

CAPTAIN. So, we shall. But we need some tarpaulins to cover the hatch comings. According to the remark in the Bill of Lading the tarpaulins should be supplied by the consignees.

SURVEYOR. What will you need tarpaulins for?

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CAPTAIN. They will serve as a kind of cushion to prevent bumping of

barrels and drums against hatch comings. This precaution is prescribed by the Regulations.

SURVEYOR. Now I see. I'll try to make the consignees to supply the tarpaulins as soon as possible.

3

PORT OFFICER. I can see from your Cargo Manifest that you have got some dangerous cargo aboard.

CAPTAIN. Yes, that's right. But it's transit cargo, we don't have to discharge it in your port.

PORT OFFICER. I know that, but the point is that before you may enter and proceed through the Channel you'll have to fill up a special declaration.

CAPTAIN. Have you got any blank forms of this declaration?

PORT OFFICER. Certainly I have. Here you are, you may take two copies of the declaration.

CAPTAIN. Thank you. Let me look through it. Oh, it seems to be rather complicated. Couldn't you help me in filling it up?

PORT OFFICER. Yes, sir, I'll try to help you.

CAPTAIN. By the way, what's the purpose of this declaration?

PORT OFFICER. A very simple one. It'll help us to assign the right position of your vessel in the convoy.

LABORATORY EXERCISES

I. Listen to the text of the lesson again and answer the following questions:

1.Why is the transportation of dangerous cargoes a serious problem?

2.Were the regulations for carriage of dangerous cargoes uniform before the Second World War? 3. Why has the volume of transporting dangerous goods grown up after the Second World War? 4. What measures were taken by the United Nations Organization in 1956 to solve the problem?

5.With what task was IMCO charged in 1960? 6. To whom was the

International Code recommended? 7. In how many, volumes was this Code published? 8. What information is given in this Code? 9. Into how many classes were the dangerous goods divided according to this Code? 10. Which is the most dangerous class of the goods? 11. What for are the recommendations for applying preventive measures given in the Code? 12. What should the Master thoroughly ascertain when taking dangerous goods aboard?

II. Ask your partner questions and make him give brief answers using the model.

Model: If we had taken measures in time, the fire would not have taken place.

In what case wouldn't the fire have taken place? If we had taken measures in time.

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1. If the volume of transporting dangerous goods had not grown up the problem would not have arisen. 2. If the IMCO had not elaborated the unified system, all the countries would not have got practical solution of the problem. 3. If we had not jettisoned that cargo, there would have been an explosion aboard. 4. If the dangerous goods had not been divided into classes, it would have been very difficult to carry them safely. 5. If they have thoroughly ascertained in the nature of the goods, they would not have had so much trouble.

III. Listen to the short dialogues, repeat each sentence during the pauses and

learn the dialogues by heart:

"How are those chemicals packed?" "They are packed in drums."

"Oh, I see. Then we'll need can-hooks and snotters."

* * *

"Unfortunately, we can't take that cargo." "Why, can't you?"

"Because, it's poisonous and quite incompatible with the cargo we have aboard."

* * *

"Why you don't want to take that cargo?" "You said it was dangerous cargo, didn't you?" "Yes, I did. But what's then?"

"It isn't listed in the Code. If it had been listed there, we would have taken it."

IV. Listen to the each of the long dialogues again and retell briefly their contents from the point of view of: (a) one speaker, (b) the other speaker, (c) an onlooker.

Make your partner ask you about some details which you missed.

V. Write the dictation:

Before 1960 there was no unified system of transporting dangerous goods. Regulations in different countries differed very much from each other. In 1960 at the International conference on Safety of Life at Sea, IMCO was charged with a task to elaborate unified system for all the countries. IMCO enlisted qualified experts and soon they worked out the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code. The Code was considered and approved at the IMCO's Assembly. Necessary amendments were inserted in this Code and then it was recommended to all the governments. The Code was published in four volumes. In accordance with the Code all the dangerous goods are divided into 9 classes. For each class special recommendations are given in the Code. Necessary instructions for handling individual goods are also given there. Much attention is paid in the Code to preventive measures which should be taken to avoid

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