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(d)sex;

(e)place of residence, profession and whereabouts of the person concerned;

(f)social security numbers, driving licences, identification documents and passport data; and

(g)where necessary, other characteristics likely to assist in identification, including any specific objective physical characteristics not subject to change such as dactyloscopic data and DNA profile (established from the non-coding part of DNA).

3. In addition to the data referred to in paragraph 2, the Europol Information System may also be used to process the following particulars concerning the persons referred to in paragraph 1:

(a) criminal offences, alleged criminal offences and when, where and how they were (allegedly) committed;

(b)means which were or may be used to commit those criminal offences including information concerning legal persons;

(c)departments handling the case and their filing references;

(d)suspected membership of a criminal organisation;

(e)convictions, where they relate to criminal offences in respect of which Europol is competent;

(f)inputting party….

Article 13

Europol shall have the following additional tasks:

(a)to develop specialist knowledge of the investigative procedures of the competent authorities of the Member States and to provide advice on investigations;

(b)to provide strategic intelligence to assist and promote the efficient and effective use of the resources available at national and Union level for operational activities and the support of such activities.

Additionally, in the context of its objective under Article 3, Europol may, in accordance with the staffing and budgetary resources at its disposal and within the limits set by the Management Board, assist Member States through support, advice and research in the following areas:

(a)the training of members of their competent authorities, where appropriate in cooperation with the European Police College;

(b)the organisation and equipment of those authorities by facilitating the provision of technical support between the Member States;

(c)crime prevention methods;

(d)technical and forensic methods and analysis, and investigative procedures.

5. Europol shall also act as the Central Office for combating euro counterfeiting . . .

TEXT № 8. Practical tasks

1.Read this extract from an official document.

2.Characterize the compact from the standpoint of its structure in Russian. What information do the general provisions usually contain?

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3.Sum up the general provisions in Russian.

4.Answer the following questions in English:

a)What are the purposes of the Convention?

b)Is this international document considered binding? Why or why not? Give your reasons.

Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 1961

Article 2

The establishment of diplomatic relations between States, and of permanent diplomatic missions, takes place by mutual consent.

Article 3

1.The functions of a diplomatic mission consist, inter alia, in:

(a)Representing the sending State in the receiving State;

(b)Protecting in the receiving State the interests of the sending State and of its nationals,

within the limits permitted by international law;

(c)Negotiating with the Government of the receiving State;

(d)Ascertaining by all lawful means conditions and developments in the receiving State, and

reporting thereon to the Government of the sending State;

(e) Promoting friendly relations between the sending State and the receiving State, and developing their economic, cultural and scientific relations.

2. Nothing in the present Convention shall be construed as preventing the performance of consular functions by a diplomatic mission.

Article 4

1. The sending State must make certain that the agrйment of the receiving State has been given for the person it proposes to accredit as head of the mission to that State.

2. The receiving State is not obliged to give reasons to the sending State for a refusal of agrйment.

Article 5

1.The sending State may, after it has given due notification to the receiving States concerned, accredit a head of mission or assign any member of the diplomatic staff, as the case may be, to more than one State, unless there is express objection by any of the receiving States.

2. If the sending State accredits a head of mission to one or more other States it may establish a diplomatic mission headed by a chargй d’affaires ad interim in each State where the head of mission has not his permanent seat.

3. A head of mission or any member of the diplomatic staff of the mission may act as representative of the sending State to any international organization.

Article 6

Two or more States may accredit the same person as head of mission to another State, unless objection is offered by the receiving State.

Article 7

Subject to the provisions of articles 5, 8, 9 and 11, the sending State may freely appoint the members of the staff of the mission. In the case of military, naval or air attachйs, the receiving State may require their names to be submitted beforehand, for its approval.

Article 8

1. Members of the diplomatic staff of the mission should in principle be of the nationality of

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the sending State.

2. Members of the diplomatic staff of the mission may not be appointed from among persons having the nationality of the receiving State, except with the consent of that State which may be withdrawn at any time.

3. The receiving State may reserve the same right with regard to nationals of a third State who are not also nationals of the sending State.

TEXT № 9. Practical tasks

1.Read this extract from an official document.

2.Characterize the compact from the standpoint of its structure in Russian. What information do the general provisions usually contain?

3.Sum up the general provisions in Russian.

4.Answer the following questions in English:

a)What are the purposes of the United Nations?

b)Is this international document considered binding? Why or why not? Give your reasons.

The Charter of the United Nations

Article 1

The Purposes of the United Nations are:

To maintain international peace and security, and to that end: to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace, and for the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace, and to bring about by peaceful means, and in conformity with the principles of justice and international law, adjustment or settlement of international disputes or situations which might lead to a breach of the peace;

To develop friendly relations among nations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples, and to take other appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace;

To achieve international co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character, and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion; and

To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations in the attainment of these common ends.

Article 2

The Organization and its Members, in pursuit of the Purposes stated in Article 1, shall act in accordance with the following Principles.

The Organization is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its Members.

All Members, in order to ensure to all of them the rights and benefits resulting from membership, shall fulfill in good faith the obligations assumed by them in accordance with the present Charter.

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All Members shall settle their international disputes by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security, and justice, are not endangered.

All Members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations.

All Members shall give the United Nations every assistance in any action it takes in accordance with the present Charter, and shall refrain from giving assistance to any state against which the United Nations is taking preventive or enforcement action.

The Organization shall ensure that states which are not Members of the United Nations act in accordance with these Principles so far as may be necessary for the maintenance of international peace and security.

TEXT № 10. Practical tasks

1.Read this extract from an official document.

2.Characterize the compact from the standpoint of its structure in Russian. What information does the Preamble usually contain?

3.Sum up the provisions in Russian.

4.Answer the following questions in English:

a)What are the objectives of this Declaration?

b)Is this international document considered binding? Why or why not? Give your reasons.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,

Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people,

Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law,

Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations,

Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women and have determined to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom,

Whereas Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in co-operation with the United Nations, the promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms,

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Whereas a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the full realization of this pledge,

Now, Therefore THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY proclaims THIS UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.

TEXT № 11. Practical tasks

1.Read this extract from an official document.

2.Characterize the compact from the standpoint of its structure in Russian. What information do the general provisions usually contain?

3.Sum up the general provisions in Russian.

4.Answer the following questions in English:

a)What are the objectives of this Declaration?

b)Is this international document considered binding? Why or why not? Give your reasons.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Article 14.

(1) Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.

(2) This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.

Article 15.

(1)Everyone has the right to a nationality.

(2)No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality.

Article 16.

(1) Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution.

(2)Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses.

(3)The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State.

Article 17.

(1)Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.

(2)No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.

Article 18.

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