Материал: 4024

РАЗДЕЛ 2

1. Выучите слова и словосочетания по теме:

2. Повторите образование инфинитивной конструкции Complex Subject в английском языке и варианты перевода этой конструкции на русский язык. Выполните упражнения по теме.

Конструкция сложное подлежащее (Complex Subject) представляет собой сочетание существительного в общем падеже или личного местоимения в именительном падеже, выполняющего в предложении функцию подлежащего, с инфинитивом. Эта конструкция строится по следующей схеме:

Предложения с конструкцией Complex Subject в английском языке обычно переводятся на русский язык с помощью таких оборотов, как «говорят, сообщают, думают, видели, слышали, оказалось, случилось» и т.п.

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СЛУЧАИ УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ КОНСТРУКЦИИ «СЛОЖНОЕ ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ»

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2.1. Подчеркните конструкцию Complex Subject в следующих предложениях:

1.He is expected to come soon.

2.He is said to be in France.

3.The oil prices are reported to have risen dramatically.

4.He is considered to be a good accountant.

5.He is unlikely to come soon.

6.He is likely to be promoted.

7.She is known to be good at making presentations.

8.Mr Gordon is sure to be back to the office soon.

9.The advertising campaign of the new product is thought to be successful.

10.The flight turns out to have been delayed.

11.Mr Smith seems to be unsatisfied with the results of our work.

12.Traveller’s checks are considered to be useful when you are travelling.

13.The dollar is supposed to have risen recently.

14.Mr Levitt is said to have called twice.

15.You are likely to have dialed the wrong number.

16.Mrs Sanders is said to have confirmed the reservation at the hotel.

2.2. Переведите предложения на русский язык, принимая во внимание конструкцию Complex Subject:

1.She is known to live in France.

2.The film festival was reported to take place in July this year.

3.He was thought to study here.

4.The student is expected to become a famous writer.

5.The tickets were supposed to be sold in the afternoon.

6.The car was seen to disappear.

7.She was seen to enter.

8.She is likely to succeed.

9.The bag is not likely to have been stolen.

10.The second part of the movie appeared to be less interesting. 11.He seems to be sleeping.

12.He seems to be mistaken.

13.The problem is supposed to be discussed at the meeting. 14.The hotel is said to be located in the center of the city. 15.Mrs Hudson is said to be an experienced secretary.

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2.3. Перефразируйте предложения, используя предложенное слово (данное в скобках) и учитывая тему Complex Subject :

1.Somebody has told me that Ann is at home. (said)

Ann …. at home.

2.It is thought that life on our planet was brought by aliens. (thought)

The life on our planet … by aliens.

3.Many people believe that Shakespeare wrote more poems that we know of. (believed)

Shakespeare … more poems than we know of.

4.Some people believed that somebody had helped Alison during the test. (believed)

Alison … during the test.

5.People suppose that disasters are an inevitable part of our lives. (supposed)

Disasters … an inevitable part of our lives.

6.Some people suppose that this abandoned house was a museum in the past. (supposed)

This abandoned house … a museum in the past.

7.They thought that Andrew committed that crime.

(thought)

Andrew … that crime.

8.Everyone believes that Chelsea is the most expensive team. (believed)

Chelsea … the most expensive team.

9.Everyone believed that Chelsea is the most expensive team. (believed)

Chelsea … the most expensive team.

10.Everyone believed that Chelsea was the most expensive team. (believed)

Chelsea … the most expensive team.

3. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

НАУЧНЫЙ ДОКЛАД (ОТЧЕТ) / REPORTS

The purpose of a scientific report is to convey essential information in an organized, useful format. Moreover, despite technological advances, the ability to accumulate data, organize facts, and compose a readable text remains a highly marketable skill.

A well-prepared report will provide complete, accurate information. This information is often meant to influence decisions, to be used in determining changes,

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improvements, or solutions to problems. Therefore, the report must also be clear, concise and readable.

Reports can be analytical (analyzing the information available) and informational (providing necessary information), formal (following an established form or convention), and factual (containing information obtained through investigation). Reports are made for the benefit of others – supplying the readers or the audience with the information they need in a form they can understand. Each report must serve at least one of the following purposes:

1. to inform

•circulate new ideas;

•inform others of work done or progress made;

•provide update on the progress of the project.

2. to instruct

•tell others how to put new ideas into practice;

•explain how a new system will operate; 3. to influence

•sell your ideas and persuade the reader or the audience to make a decision;

•recommend a course of action;

•reveal the benefits of the start up of a new project;

4. to interpret

•assess a situation;

•draw up conclusions;

•analyze the performance of the company; 5. to interest

•use the presentation to appeal to a wide audience;

•summarize the findings.

The typical structure of a written report is as follows:

Preliminary Sections

Preface or Foreword Acknowledgements Table of contents Summary

Main part of the report

Introduction Body of the report Conclusions Recommendations

Supplementing material

Appendices

Bibliography Glossary Indices.

It is desirable to include into a report different illustrations such as tables, charts, graphs, photographs, and line drawings.

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