Материал: part03

Using these index values the position of this image within the multi-dimensional array (Image Index (0054,1330)) is calculated as​ follows:​

C.8.9.5 PET Curve Module​

Retired. See PS3.3-2004.​

C.8.10 Hardcopy Modules​

Retired. See PS3.3-2004.​

C.8.11 DX Modules​

C.8.11.1 DX Series Module​

TheDigitalX-RayIODsusetheGeneralSeriesModuledescribedinSectionC.7.3.1,specializedbytheDXSeriesModule,todescribe​ the DICOM Series Entity described in Section A.1.2.3, and to define what constitutes a Series for the context of projection Digital X-​ Ray.​

Note​

In an abstract sense, a Series may be viewed from the perspective of an acquisition device or a display device.​

In the former case, it is convenient to group images related by commonality of acquisition parameters, such as the imaging subject's​ physical relationship to the equipment (such as a patient lying in a particular position with respect to the equipment), a single acquis-​

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ition initiation (such as an MR pulse sequence or spiral CT run), or a single workflow action on the part of the operator (such as the​ reading of a collection of CR plates from the same examination).​

In the latter case, it is often convenient to organize images for viewing or browsing into Series based upon other criteria such as​ physical or temporal proximity that may not necessarily correspond with the order or grouping in which the images were acquired.​

This conflict is most apparent in the existing CR Image IOD Section C.8.1, where the definition of View Position at the Series Level​ in CR Series Section C.8.1.1 implies, for example, that a Lateral and PA Chest X-Ray may not be grouped into a single Series. While​ this may be in keeping with the traditional CT and MR notions that a change in an imaging subject's physical orientation with respect​ to the imaging equipment implies a new Series, it is most unnatural from the point of view of a reader viewing or browsing a collection​ of projection radiographic images.​

A similar example pertains in the case of the traditional set of views of the maxillary and mandibular dentition, in which all the images​ are logically grouped in one sequence, but the imaging equipment moves with respect to the imaging subject, and the size of the​ detector may vary between images.​

Accordingly, the constraint (apparent from the CT, MR and CR IODs) that a change in position, detector, body part or laterality implies​ a new Series has been relaxed in the DX IODs, through the use of the DX Anatomy Imaged Module and the DX Positioning Module,​ which define Attributes at the Image level that specify these concepts with finer granularity. This approach is consistent with that used​ in the XA, XRF, US and NM IODs.​

Images within a Series are still required, if the Condition for the inclusion of the Frame of Reference Module is met, to be relative to​ the same Frame of Reference.​

Table C.8-68 specifies the Attributes that identify and describe general information about the DX Series.​

Table C.8-68. DX Series Module Attributes​

Enumerated Values:​

FOR PRESENTATION​

FOR PROCESSING​

See Section C.8.11.1.1.1 for further explanation.​

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C.8.11.1.1 DX Series Attribute Descriptions​

C.8.11.1.1.1 Presentation Intent Type​

Presentation Intent Type (0008,0068) shall identify the intent for the purposes of display or other presentation of all Images within​ this Series.​

Note​

1.​Since this is a Series level Attribute, all Images within a Series have the same value for this Attribute.​

2.​The intent of this restriction is to ensure that FOR PRESENTATION and FOR PROCESSING images are placed in​ separate Series, so that no confusion can arise as to which images are suitable for diagnostic reading as determined​ by local policy.​

A Series of Images intended for viewing by an observer, after application of any grayscale transformations specified in the image​ object such as VOI LUT, shall have an Enumerated Value of FOR PRESENTATION.​

Note​

1.​These images may still be of Image Type (0008,0008) ORIGINAL rather than DERIVED despite the possibility that they​ mayhaveundergonesomeprocessing,suchasunsharpmasking.InthiscaseaDERIVEDimagewouldhaveundergone​ yet further processing to make it substantially different from the original. See Figure C.8-13.​

2.​These images may still be subjected to processing or further processing, if appropriate, depending on the application.​

3.​These images are intended for display on a device, without (further) processing, since that device may not be capable​ of image processing. The quality of the displayed image or its suitability for any purpose is beyond the scope of the​ DICOM Standard.​

Images that have been corrected to account for characteristics of the detector but are intended to be further processed before being​ displayed, shall have an Enumerated Value of FOR PROCESSING.​

Note​

This type is provided to allow the functions of image acquisition and image processing for presentation to be separated and​ yet have images conveyed between the two processes using a DICOM object. Individual sites or users may choose to sub-​ stitute their own specialized processing in place of that supplied by the implementer.​

Images available at this stage of processing may be useful for quality control and problem solving purposes, as well as academic​ research.​

Images of this type may also be archived, retrieved and processed with different algorithms or parameters in order to alter the appear-​ ance of specific features for clinical purposes.​

ThenatureofthedetectorcorrectionthatmayhavebeenappliedbeforesendinganimageoftypeFORPROCESSINGisnotspecified.​ In particular, acquisitions that acquire several sets of matrices of pixel values (such as image data, gain offset and a defect map)​ must perform some processing (detector correction) before a DX Image object can be instantiated.​

ThenatureoftheprocessingthatmayhavebeenappliedbeforesendinganimageoftypeFORPRESENTATIONisalsonotspecified.​

It is expected that individual implementers will use Private Attributes to convey specifics of the processing applied that may be of use​ for further processing by those aware of the parameters and algorithms. The diversity of detector types and processing algorithms​ make it undesirable to standardize such parameters.​

Whether or not the spatial locations of all pixels are preserved during the processing of the source image that resulted in the current​ image can be indicated by Spatial Locations Preserved (0028,135A) in a Source Image Sequence (0008,2112) reference from the​ FOR PRESENTATION image to a FOR PROCESSING predecessor.​

If images from the same exposure exist with different Values of Presentation Intent Type (0008,0068), then they shall have different​ SOP Instance UIDs.​

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Note​

1.​Source Image Sequence (0008,2112) may be used to relate these images.​ 2.​The SOP Class UIDs of the two images will also be different.​

...

Advanced Processing, eg. morphological operations

Derived

Figure C.8-13. Explanation of Presentation Intent Type​

C.8.11.2 DX Anatomy Imaged Module​

Table C.8-69 contains IOD Attributes that describe the anatomy contained in a DX IOD.​

Table C.8-69. DX Anatomy Imaged Module Attributes​

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Include Table 10-6 “General Anatomy Required​DefinedCIDfortheAnatomicRegionSequenceisCID4009“DXAnatomyImaged”​ Macro Attributes”​ for humans, and CID 7482 “DX Anatomy Imaged for Animals” for animals. This is​

the anatomic region that is placed on the table or bucky for examination.​

Note​

It is strongly recommended that Anatomic Region Sequence (0008,2218)​ be present with a value, in order to ensure that images may be positioned​ correctly relative to one another for display.​

C.8.11.2.1 DX Anatomy Imaged Attribute Descriptions​

The Attributes in this Module extend the function of Body Part Examined (0018,0015) as used in other IODs, and are intended to be​ usedtofacilitatethemanagementofimagesandSeriesintermsofrouting,storageanddisplay,aswellastodictatecertainConditions​ on Attributes and Modules in the DX IOD.​

C.8.11.3 DX Image Module​

Table C.8-70 contains IOD Attributes that describe a DX Image by specializing Attributes of the General Image Module and Image​ Pixel Module, and adding additional Attributes.​

Table C.8-70. DX Image Module Attributes​

8​

16​

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