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Система RHAG
Антигены Duclos, DSLK и Ola
Статус самостоятельной групповой системы получили антигены, располагающи- есянаRh-ассоциированномгликопротеине(RhAG).РанееRhAGчислилсявсистеме резускакRh50,новскоресталоизвестно,чтосинтезуказанногогликопротеинанаходится под контролем гена, расположенного на 6-й хромосоме независимо от локуса RH,располагающегосяна1-йхромосоме(Daniels[1]).Системавключает3антигена: 2частовстречающихся(DuclosиDSLK)и1редковстречающийся–Ol a.
Антиген Duclos описан Habibi и соавт. в 1978 г. [2]. Вначале он был включен в систему резус под номером Rh38, однако позднее было установлено, что этот антиген является продуктом гена, независимого от локуса RH.
Антиген Ol a (от фамилии семьи Oldeide), обнаруженный Kornstad [3] у норвежцев, также был отнесен с системе резус, поскольку был ассоциирован со
339
слабой экспрессией антигенов С, с, Е и е, однако было показано, что он не является частью системы Rh.
Проведено секвенирование ДНК Duclos-отрицательного, DSLK-отрицательного и2Ol a-положительныхлиц.
Рекомбинантные протеины удалось экспрессировать в клетках линии HEK 293. Ранее на этих клетках был экспрессирован мутантный RhAG с аминокислотной заменой Gln 106 Glu , который не реагировал с антителами анти-Duclos. Duclos-отрицательный и DSLK-отрицательный доноры оказались гомозиготными по мутациям Gln 106 Glu и Lys 164 Gln соответственно. Антиген, открываемый антителами анти-DSLK, напоминал антиген Duclos, поэтому получил свое обозначение в виде аббревиатуры DSLK (Duclos-like – Даклос-подобный). Анти-DSLK-антитела, так же как и анти-Duclos-антитела, давали отрицательные реакции с эритроцитами RhnullU–, но реагировали с эритроцитами RhnullU +. Однако анти-DSLK-антитела образовались у Duclos-положительного лица, поэтому не могли быть идентичны анти-Duclos-антителам (Tsuneyama и соавт. [6]).
Два члена норвежской семьи Олдейд, имевшие фенотип Ol(a + ), оказались гетерозиготными по мутации Ser 227 Leu. Один индивид японского происхождения с фенотипом Rhmod был гомозиготным по этой мутации, и его эритроци-
ты также были Ol(a + ) (Tsuneyama и соавт. [6]).
Синтез всех трех антигенов (Duclos, DSLK и Ol a) контролируется одним и тем же геном RHAG, который находится на хромосоме 6 в позиции 6p11-21.1. В номенклатуре ISBT антигены Duclos, Ol a и DSLK получили обозначения 030001, 030002
и030003(RHAG1,RHAG2иRHAG3)соответственно(Tilleyисоавт.[4,5]).
Список литературы
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