Материал: Posibnik_z_angliyskoyi_movi_dlya_studentiv_1_kursu_med_fakultetu_1

Exercise 10. True or false?

1. Masks and gloves in the first-aid kit are necessary for the doctor’s personal protection.

2. The patient’s blood pressure is measured with the help of the portable electrocardiograph.

3. To take the temperature, nurses use thermometers.

4. Bleeding can be easily stopped with brilliant green or iodine or some other antiseptic.

5. Stretchers are used when a person has broken his leg.

6. Gastrointestinal disorders can be relieved with the help of enema, probe, hot water bottle.

7. The ambulance doctor monitors the patient’s heart work with portable artificial respiration apparatus.

8. A person suffering from asthma needs to use a set of splints.

Exercise 11. Translate the words in italics:

1. Out-of-hospital medical care is provided by станцією швидкої допомоги.

2. Each ambulance has медичні аптечки with антисептиками, знеболюючими, заспокійливими, жарознижувальними засобами, etc.

3. The First Aid Stations are чергуванні all day long, and they are always ready надати першу медичну допомогу.

4. There are several kinds of ambulance teams: кардіо-реанімаційні, психіатричні, дитячі, so on.

5. It is the dispatcher who відповідає за the “pre-arrival” instructions.

6. An ambulance doctor, фельдшер and молодша медична сестра are the members of an ambulance team.

7. The main thing in the work of the ambulance doctor is поставити правильний діагноз quickly.

8. In Ukraine there are державні та приватні ambulance services.

Exercise 12. a) Fill in the table:

Model: early – earlier – earliest

patiently – more patiently – most patiently

b) Insert the appropriate form of the adverb. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:

1. He runs … than me. (fast)

2. She came … of all. (early)

3. You should eat … spicy food. (little)

4. He wrote his exam … than any of us. (well)

5. It rained … last night than last week. (heavily)

6. It took me … than usual to make a correct diagnosis. (long)

7. He worked … and … each time to achieve the best results. (hard)

8. Everyone treated him … than other patients at hospital. (kindly)

Exercise 13. Re-write sentences putting the verbs in brackets into the correct tense form. Translate sentences into Ukrainian:

1. Emergency medical service always (to provide) out-of-hospital medical care.

2. Yesterday, the ambulance (to transport) him to the trauma unit.

3. I (to call) in an ambulance, if the temperature (to keep) rising.

4. The nurse (to close) the wound with adhesive plaster after she’s cleaned it.

5. Emetics are the drugs that (to make) you vomit.

6. The dispatcher (to be) responsible for the “pre-arrival” instructions.

7. All the ambulances (to have) first-aid kits.

8. The ambulance driver (to transport) patients carefully.

Exercise 14. Put questions to the underlined words:

1. Ampoules, boxes and vials contain different drugs.

2. Disposable syringes are used for IV and IM injections.

3. The doctor gave his patient some sedative to calm him down.

4. She was administered procedure with probe because of gastric troubles.

5. He will take laxatives to relieve constipation.

6. It is necessary to dial up 103 to call in an ambulance.

7. During the examination the physician measured his blood pressure.

8. The role of the non-registered nurse is to keep the first-aid kit in order.

Exercise 15. a) Arrange the following sentences in order to describe the first-aid kit:

1. The first-aid kit may also contain narcotic medicines to relieve severe pain.

2. For example, there is alcohol, cotton wadding, disposable syringes for IV and IM injections.

3. Bandage and tourniquet are applied to stop bleeding.

4. Besides, there are antiseptics, brilliant green, iodine, adhesive plasters used to clean and close wounds.

5. Among medicines, there are pain-killers, antibiotics, emetics and anti-emetics, antipyretics, sedatives, laxatives, etc.

6. First-aid kit is a special case that contains all the necessary things for rendering the first aid.

b) Describe the “first-aid station” according to the plan in the table:

Завдання для самостійної роботи студентів (срс)

Exercise 1. Topic vocabulary:

Exercise 2. Read correctly:

ture [ʧə]: picture, fracture, nature, mixture, lecture, culture, fixture, creature, temperature;

sure [ʒə]: pleasure, measure, treasure, exposure, seizure, BUT ssure [ʃə]: pressure;

(t)ch [ʧ]: chill, chest, chin, cheek, each, much, rich, cheese, torch, touch, match, kitchen;

ch [k]: mechanism, headache, chemistry, stomach, character, technique, scheme, school;

g [g]: gain, gossip, gullet, flag, groin, gold, good, beg, glad, gall-bladder, gut;

g [ʤ]: gem, gin, gym, stage, age, gel, luggage, damage, image, genesis, cage;

BUT g [g]: gift, girl, get, give.

Exercise 3. a) Form the nouns with the term-elements. Explain the meaning of term-elements. Translate the pair of words into Ukrainian:

a) form the nouns with the term-element -ache: head, ear, stomach, back, tooth, arm;

b) form the nouns with the term-element patho-: genesis, biology, biochemistry, anatomy, metabolism, occlusion, physiology;

c) form the nouns with the term-element haemo-: capillary, diagnosis, dynamics, globin, dialysis, angioma.

Exercise 4. Read and translate the following word-combinations:

diagnosis: correct diagnosis, incorrect diagnosis, exact diagnosis, the diagnosis of nephritis, to make a diagnosis;

disease: a pulmonary disease, a renal disease, a mental disease, to reveal a disease, to cure a disease;

examination: examination of the patient, proper examination, physical examination, visual examination, instrumental examination;

procedure: an easy procedure, a difficult procedure, a necessary procedure, to administer a procedure, to carry out a procedure on an empty stomach;

symptom: an objective symptom, a subjective symptom, a severe symptom, a mild symptom, the symptoms of pneumonia.

Exercise 5. Read the words and translate them without dictionary:

aetiology, auscultation, accumulation, cystoscopy, dysfunction, electrocardiogram, leukocytosis, palpation, tuberculosis, pathogenesis, percussion.

Exercise 6. Read and translate the following word-combinations:

before treating; to establish a diagnosis; to determine the aetiology of the disease; to know well the pathogenesis of the disease; a number of different procedures; history-taking; to include palpation, percussion, auscultation; to consist of urinalysis and blood analysis; to take electrocardiogram; to estimate the physical and mental state; to carry out an examination; to determine the borders of internal organs; fractures and fissures.

Exercise 7. Read and translate the text:

Examination of the Patient

Before treating the patient it is necessary to make a correct diagnosis of the disease and to determine its aetiology, i.e. the causes of the disease. The examining doctor must know well the pathogenesis of any disease, i.e. the way and mechanism of its development, as well as the symptoms revealing it.

A number of different procedures is used to establish a diagnosis: history-taking; physical examination, which includes visual examination, palpation, percussion, auscultation; laboratory studies, consisting of urinalysis, blood, sputum and other analyses; instrumental studies, for example, taking electrocardiograms or cystoscopy, X-ray examination and others.

For determining a disease, it is very important to know its symptoms, i.e. the signs of a disease. They are breathlessness, edema, cough, chill, vomiting, fever, haemorrhage, headache, rash, swelling and others. Some of these symptoms are objective, e.g., haemorrhage or vomiting, because they are determined by objective study, while others, such as headache or dizziness are subjective, since they are evident only to the patient.

The physical examination includes three stages: general examination; local examination; examination of body systems.

On general examination, the patient is examined from head to toes: this helps to estimate the physical and mental state of the patient. The doctor also determines the patient’s weight and height, observes his facial expression, movements, speech, state of lymphatic nodes, muscles, bones, joints.

On local examination, the doctor examines the patient’s head, eyes, nose, ears, oral cavity, neck, thyroid gland, etc. to estimate the functional state of particular parts of the body.

Examination of body systems includes the study of the respiratory, endocrine, nervous and other systems. On this stage, the doctor applies the technique of palpation and percussion to determine whether the borders of internal organs are normal or abnormal. By means of auscultation he can reveal rales in the lungs in case of pneumonia or bronchitis, or heart murmurs if a patient suffers from cardio-vascular diseases.

Laboratory analyses are important as well. Blood analysis revealing leukocytosis immediately indicates the presence of inflammation in the body. Urinalyses help to reveal the presence of urinary tract infections such as cystitis, nephritis or pyelonephritis. Analysis of sputum is performed to confirm the diagnosis of tuberculosis.

Instrumental procedures also help to determine health problems. Electrocardiograms are necessary to monitor the heart work. X-ray usually shows the borders and structure of the internal organs, fractures and fissures, accumulation of liquid in the lungs, etc.

So, examination of the patient is a complex procedure helping to timely reveal diseases or dysfunctions of any organs and start their treatment.

Exercise 8. Answer the questions:

1. What is it necessary to know to make a correct diagnosis?

2. What kind of procedures are used to establish a diagnosis?

3. What groups can symptoms be divided into?

4. What is the difference between the objective and subjective symptoms?

5. What does the scheme of the physical examination include?

6. What is examined during each stage of physical examination?

7. Why are laboratory analyses important?

8. What does X-ray help to reveal?

Exercise 9. Match the English word-combinations with their Ukrainian equivalents:

Exercise 10. Match the symptoms with their explanations: