VII. Translate the following sentences paying attention to Participle II.

1. A crane bridge is a latticed truss (ферма) supported by wheels.

2. Several jacks operated by one electrically driven pump are jointed together to raise structures weighing thousands of tons.

3. The fluid is forced into the cylinder from chamber by pump actuated by a lever.

4. Self-powered jib cranes can load materials excavated in small quarries.

5. For load handling the crane is operated by the motor mounted on the turntable.

6. Crawler and air-tyred cranes are driven by an engine mounted on the turntable.

7. Elevators are equipped with winches designed on the same lines as electrically driven cranes and construction winches.

VIII. Read and translate the following text.

LOADING EQUIPMENT

There are different types of loaders. They are classified as follows:

a) by the purpose: for handling piece and loose loads;

b) by the character of working process: for intermittent operation – single –bucket, for continuous operation – multi-bucket;

c) by the running gear: crawler and air-tyred;

d) by the kind of engine: with electric motors powered from the mains, with an internal combustion engine and with a diesel electric multi-motor drive.

S i n g l e - b u c k e t l o a d e r s

Single-bucket loaders can be subdivided into front loaders, swing loaders, rear loaders, and combination types. In front loaders the bucket is tilted forward. In swing loaders the bucket is swung sideways to be dumped. Front and swing loaders are provided with changeable equipment for maintaining various loose and piece loads (large and small buckets, grabs, forks, hooks, etc). Modern types of loaders have a hydraulic system for raising and lowering the bucket.

M u l t i - b u c k e t l o a d e r s

Multi-bucket loaders are available in chain and rotary types.

A crawler-mounted multi-bucket loader is employed for transferring sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag and other loose materials from stockpiles onto trucks. It can scoop the material in a quarry directly at the face, although it cannot operate on compacted and frozen loose materials. Multi-bucket loaders with a rotary operating member are also used for continuous service.

As compared with chain-type loaders, multi-bucket loaders have fewer but larger buckets. These buckets are arranged over the circumference of the rotor. As the rotor revolves the buckets become filled and going up dump the material onto a belt conveyor. The rotor is made in the form of a spherical head. The spherical head carries six buckets of the rotor. The rotor with the buckets is rotated around the carrying tube by an electric motor through a reduction gear, a shaft and a toothing. The buckets scoop the material, go up and discharge it onto the receiving belt conveyor located in the tube. The receiving conveyor delivers the material through the hopper onto the cantilever conveyor which discharges the load onto trucks. It should be noted that the cantilever conveyor can swing in a horizontal plane through 72 degrees both ways from the center line.

IX. Complete the following sentences using variants (a) or (b).

1.According to the design of running gear loaders may be

1. crawler

2. crawler and air-tyred

2. Front and swing loaders are provided with changeable equipment

1. for handling loose and piece loads

2. for handling heavy materials

3. Loaders have a hydraulic system for raising and lowering

1. the boom

2. the bucket

4. Multi-bucket loaders are available

1. in chain type

2. in chain and rotary types

5. Multi-bucket loaders cannot operate on

1. boggy soil

2. compacted and frozen loose materials

6. The spherical head carries

1. nine buckets of the rotor

2. six buckets of the rotor

X. Translate the sentences paying attention to the Infinitive and the Complex Subject.

1.Belt conveyors are known to be widely used in construction work.

2. It is interesting to note that ordinary rubber belts are used for temperature +50 to – 50 degrees.

3.The operator can use different combinations of the three movements to lift the load in any direction in space.

4. The width of a belt is known to be selected in conformity with the amount of load it has to handle.

5. Rack-and-pinion jacks are considered to have a higher efficiency than screw jacks.

XI. Insert the verbs in the proper form. Translate the sentences.

1. Front and swing loaders … with changeable equipment.

2. Crawler-mounted multi-bucket loaders … for transferring different building materials.

3. The buckets … filled and … the material onto a belt conveyor.

4. The rotor with buckets … around the carrying tube.

5. The receiving conveyor … the material through the hopper onto the cantilever conveyor.

6. Electric motors … from the mains.

7. The buckets … over the circumference of the rotor.

XII. Fill in the prepositions. Translate the sentences.

1. Multi-bucket loaders can scoop the material … the quarry directly … the face.

2. Multi-bucket loaders … a rotary operating member are used … continuous service.

3. Cantilever conveyor can swing … a horizontal plane …72 degrees both ways … the center line.

4. The receiving conveyor is located … the tube.

5. The rotor is made … the form … a spherical head.

6. Loaders can be classified … the character … the working process.

7. Modern types of loaders have a hydraulic system … raising and lowering the buckets.

XIII. Express agreement or disagreement with the following statements.

1. In front loaders the bucket is swung sideways to be dumped.

2. Front and swing loaders are provided with changeable equipment.

3. Modern types of loaders have an electric system.

4. Multi-bucket loaders are available in chain and rotary types.

5. A crawler-mounted multi-bucket chain loader cannot operate on compacted and frozen loose materials.

6. Multi-bucket loaders with a rotary operating member are used for intermittent service.

XV. Answer the following questions using the introductory phrases.

1. What is this text about?

2. What types of loaders are there?

3. How are loaders classified?

4. How can single-bucket loaders be subdivided?

5. What are front and swing loaders provided with?

6. What system do modern types of loaders have?

7. In what types are multi-bucket loaders available?

8. What is a crawler-mounted multi-bucket chain loader employed for?

9. What is a rotary-type multi-bucket loader used for?

XVI. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. По характеру рабочего процесса бывают одноковшовые и многоковшовые погрузчики.

2. По ходовому оборудованию погрузчики бывают гусеничными и пневмоколесными.

3. Гидравлическая система погрузчиков используется для подъема и опускания ковша.

4. Ковши многоковшовых погрузчиков роторного типа расположены по окружности ротора.

5. Ротор выполняется в виде шаровой головки.

6. Ротор приводится во вращение электродвигателем через редуктор, вал и зубчатый венец.

XVII. Read and retell the following text using the introductory phrases.

Unloaders

In road construction the earth and building materials such as sand, gravel, crushed stone, concrete, etc. are transported in dump trucks (автосамосвалы) or earth carriers (землевозы). Unloaders are not required in this case. Cement is carried in self-discharging trucks. Ordinary cars are discharged by car dumpers (вагоноопрокидыватели), jib and gantry cranes and also by stationary unloaders. Cement is discharged by pneumo-mechanical unloaders.

Now a few words about the KB Hydrascoop. It is designed for excavating and loading materials in quarries and sand and gravel pits. It handles up to 350 cubic yard per hour using less than 70 horse power. For rehandling work (перегрузочные работы) the 2 cu. yd bucket is standard but for lighter materials larger buckets can be fitted.

Raising and lowering the parallel linkage (рычажная передача) is done by a hoisting line – clutch and drums are booster operated (с приводом от усилителя) and controlled through foot pedals. Bucket thrust (удар ковша) and break-out operations are hydraulically operated through finger-light controls, and a digging force of 26.5 tons is exerted at the bucket teeth.

XVIII. Learn the following dialogue.

Situation: You have just read a technical journal in English and come across an interesting information about loading equipment. You want to discuss it with your friend.

A. Hello! Haven`t seen you for ages! I have just read some information about loading equipment.

B. Oh, it`s interesting! What have you learned about it?

A. Now I know that there are single-bucket and multi-bucket loaders.

B. And what types of single-bucket loaders are there?

A. There are front loaders, swing loaders, rear loaders and combination type.

B. Oh, so many types of loaders! And what about multi-bucket ones?

A. As for multi-bucket loaders, they are available in chain and rotary types.

B. I see. Thank you. Now I know something about handling equipment, too.

A. Not at all. Glad to help you.

Урок 7 lesson seven

Фонетика: Повторение чтения буквосочетаний «CIA», «CIE»,«TIA»,«TIO»,

звука [W] в буквосочетаниях «EAR», «ER».

Грамматика: Способы перевода «that».

Тема: Землеройно-транспортные машины. Earth-moving machines. «

E X E R C I S E S

I. Read the following words.

[Siq] –- special, efficiency, efficient, sufficiently, partially, stationary.

[W] - earth, earthen, perpendicular, determine, converge, internal, term.

II. Mind the stress.

1. to con`tain, to main`tain, to ob`tain.

2. to trans`port (v) - `transport (n)

to trans`fer (v) - `transfer (n)

to in`crease (v) - `increase (n)

to de`crease (v) - `decrease (n)

III. Learn the following words.

1.Pendant attachment [`pendqnt q`txCmqnt] – навесное оборудование

2. Roadbed [`rPudbed] n – дорожное основание

3. Remove [ri`mHv] v – удалять

4. Bush [buS] n – куст

5.Stump [stAmp] n – пень

6. Cut [kAt] n – выемка, канава

7. Spoil bank [`spoil`bxNk] – отвал

8. Pile [pail] n – насыпь

9. Cast [kRst] v – отваливать (землю)

10. Fill up [`filAp] v – заполнять

11. Trench [trenC] n – траншея

12. Air-field [`Fqfild] n – аэродром

13. Fixed-blade bulldozer [ bul`dPuzq]-бульдозер с неповоротным отвалом

14. Cable bulldozer [keiblbul`dPuzq] бульдозер с канатным управлением

15. Perpendicular [,pWpqn`dikjulq] a – перпендикулярный

16. Cross-country capacity [`krOs `kAntrikq`pxsiti] – вездеходная мощность9

17. Shape [Seip] v – профилировать, придавать форму

18. Cable hoist system [`keibl`hoist `sistqm] – канатно-блочная система

19. Carrying vehicle [`kxriiN`vJikl] – базовая машина

20. Supply [sq`plai] v – снабжать

IV. Find the equivalents to he following English terms:

1. Roadbed a) насыпь

2. Pendant attachment b) бульдозер с канатным управлением

3. Spoil bank c) базовая машина

4. Trench d) навесное оборудование

5. Cable hoist system e) траншея

6. Cable bulldozer f) отвал

7. Carrying vehicle g) канатно-блочная система

8. Fill h) дорожное основание

V. Find the equivalents to the following Russian terms:

1. Выемка a) pit

2. Насыпь b) cross-country capacity

3. Ров с) pile

4. Канава d) crushed stone

5. Глубина e) ditch

6. Вездеходная мощность f) depth

7. Щебень g) cut

VI. Translate into Russian using variants.

1. A pendant attachment mounted on crawler and wheel tractors

a) навесное оборудование, монтируемое на гусеничных тягачах

b) навесное оборудование, монтируемое на гусеничных и колесных тягачах

7. Multi-bucket loaders have fewer but larger buckets.

XIV. Ask questions on the underlined words:

1. Loaders are classified by the purpose, by the running gear, etc.

2. Front and swing loaders are provided with changeable equipment.

3. A crawler-mounted multi-bucket chain loader is employed to transfer sand, gravel, crushed stone, etc.

4. As the rotor revolves the buckets become filled.