Материал: part05

Notice and Disclaimer ...........................................................................................................................................

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Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................

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1. Scope and Field of Application .............................................................................................................................

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2. Normative References .......................................................................................................................................

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3. Definitions .......................................................................................................................................................

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4. Symbols and Abbreviations .................................................................................................................................

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5. Conventions .....................................................................................................................................................

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6. Value Encoding ................................................................................................................................................

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6.1. Support of Character Repertoires ...................................................................................................................

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6.1.1. Representation of Encoded Character Values ............................................................................................

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6.1.2. Graphic Characters ..............................................................................................................................

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6.1.2.1. Default Character Repertoire ...........................................................................................................

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6.1.2.2. Extension or Replacement of the Default Character Repertoire ...............................................................

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6.1.2.3. Encoding of Character Repertoires ....................................................................................................

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6.1.2.4. Code Extension Techniques ............................................................................................................

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6.1.2.5. Usage of Code Extension ................................................................................................................

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6.1.2.5.1. Assumed Initial States ..............................................................................................................

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6.1.2.5.2. Restrictions for Code Extension .................................................................................................

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6.1.2.5.3. Requirements .........................................................................................................................

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6.1.2.5.4. Levels of Implementation and Initial Designation ............................................................................

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6.1.3. Control Characters ...............................................................................................................................

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6.2. Value Representation (VR) ...........................................................................................................................

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6.2.1. Person Name (PN) Value Representation .................................................................................................

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6.2.1.1. Examples of PN VR and Notes .........................................................................................................

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6.2.1.2. Ideographic and Phonetic Characters in Data Elements with VR of PN .....................................................

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6.2.2. Unknown (UN) Value Representation .......................................................................................................

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6.2.3. URI/URL (UR) Value Representation .......................................................................................................

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6.3. Enumerated Values and Defined Terms ..........................................................................................................

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6.4. Value Multiplicity (VM) and Delimitation ...........................................................................................................

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7. The Data Set ....................................................................................................................................................

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7.1. Data Elements ...........................................................................................................................................

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7.1.1. Data Element Fields .............................................................................................................................

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7.1.2. Data Element Structure with Explicit VR ....................................................................................................

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7.1.3. Data Element Structure with Implicit VR ....................................................................................................

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7.2. Group Length ............................................................................................................................................

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7.3. Little Endian Byte Ordering ...........................................................................................................................

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7.4. Data Element Type .....................................................................................................................................

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7.4.1. Type 1 Required Data Elements ..............................................................................................................

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7.4.2. Type 1C Conditional Data Elements .........................................................................................................

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7.4.3. Type 2 Required Data Elements ..............................................................................................................

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7.4.4. Type 2C Conditional Data Elements .........................................................................................................

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7.4.5. Type 3 Optional Data Elements ...............................................................................................................

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7.4.6. Data Element Types Within A Sequence ...................................................................................................

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7.5. Nesting of Data Sets ...................................................................................................................................

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7.5.1. Item Encoding Rules .............................................................................................................................

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7.5.2. Delimitation of The Sequence of Items .....................................................................................................

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7.5.3. Sequence Inheritance ...........................................................................................................................

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7.6. Repeating Groups ......................................................................................................................................

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7.7. Retired Data Elements .................................................................................................................................

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7.8. Private Data Elements .................................................................................................................................

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7.8.1. Private Data Element Tags ....................................................................................................................

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7.8.2. Encoding of Private Elements .................................................................................................................

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8. Encoding of Pixel, Overlay and Waveform Data .......................................................................................................

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8.1. Pixel and Overlay Data, and Related Data Elements ..........................................................................................

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8.1.1. Pixel Data Encoding of Related Data Elements ..........................................................................................

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8.1.2. Overlay Data Encoding of Related Data Elements ......................................................................................

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8.2. Native or Encapsulated Format Encoding ........................................................................................................

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DICOM PS3.5 2020a - Data Structures and Encoding​

8.2.1. JPEG Image Compression .....................................................................................................................

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8.2.2. Run Length Encoding Image Compression ................................................................................................

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8.2.3. JPEG-LS Image Compression ................................................................................................................

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8.2.4. JPEG 2000 Image Compression .............................................................................................................

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8.2.5. MPEG2 Main Profile / Main Level Video Compression .................................................................................

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8.2.6. MPEG2 Main Profile / High Level Video Compression .................................................................................

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8.2.7. MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 High Profile / Level 4.1 Video Compression ...................................................................

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8.2.8. MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 High Profile / Level 4.2 Video Compression ...................................................................

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8.2.9. MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 Stereo High Profile / Level 4.2 Video Compression .........................................................

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8.2.10. HEVC/H.265 Main Profile / Level 5.1 Video Compression ...........................................................................

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8.2.11. HEVC/H.265 Main 10 Profile / Level 5.1 Video Compression .......................................................................

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8.2.12. Constraints for Audio Data Integration in AVC and HEVC Compressed Bit Streams .........................................

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8.2.13. Constraints For SMPTE ST 2110-20 Uncompressed Active Video For DICOM-RTV .........................................

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8.3. Waveform Data and Related Data Elements ....................................................................................................

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8.4. Pixel Data Provider Service ..........................................................................................................................

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8.4.1. JPIP Referenced Pixel Data ...................................................................................................................

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8.5. Security Considerations for Encoding of Pixel, Overlay, and Waveform Data (Informative) .....................................

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9. Unique Identifiers (UIDs) ....................................................................................................................................

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9.1. UID Encoding Rules ....................................................................................................................................

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9.2. Unique Identifier Registration ........................................................................................................................

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9.2.1. DICOM Defined and Registered Unique Identifiers ......................................................................................

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9.2.2. Privately Defined Unique Identifiers .........................................................................................................

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10. Transfer Syntax ..............................................................................................................................................

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10.1. DICOM Default Transfer Syntax ...................................................................................................................

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10.2. Transfer Syntax for a DICOM Default of Lossless JPEG Compression .................................................................

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10.3. Transfer Syntaxes for a DICOM Default of Lossy JPEG Compression ..................................................................

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10.4. Transfer Syntax For DICOM RLE Image Compression .....................................................................................

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10.5. Transfer Syntax For A DICOM Default of Lossless and Lossy (Near-lossless) JPEG-LS Compression .......................

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10.6. Transfer Syntax For JPEG 2000 Compression ................................................................................................

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10.7. Transfer Syntax For MPEG2 Main Profile / Main Level Video Compression ...........................................................

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10.8. Transfer Syntax For JPIP Referenced Pixel Data .............................................................................................

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10.9. Transfer Syntax For MPEG2 Main Profile / High Level Video Compression ...........................................................

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10.10. Transfer Syntax For MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 High Profile / Level 4.1 Video Compression ...........................................

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10.11. Transfer Syntaxes for MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 High Profile / Level 4.2 Video Compression .........................................

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10.12. Transfer Syntax For MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 Stereo High Profile / Level 4.2 Video Compression .................................

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10.13. Transfer Syntax for HEVC/H.265 Main Profile / Level 5.1 Video Compression ......................................................

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10.14. Transfer Syntax for HEVC/H.265 Main 10 Profile / Level 5.1 Video Compression .................................................

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10.15. Transfer Syntax for SMPTE ST 2110-20 Uncompressed Progressive Active Video ...............................................

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10.16. Transfer Syntax for SMPTE ST 2110-20 Uncompressed Interlaced Active Video ..................................................

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10.16.1. Interlaced Vs. Progressive Video .........................................................................................................

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10.17. Transfer Syntax for SMPTE ST 2110-30 PCM Digital Audio .............................................................................

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A. Transfer Syntax Specifications (Normative) ............................................................................................................

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A.1. DICOM Implicit VR Little Endian Transfer Syntax ..............................................................................................

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A.2. DICOM Little Endian Transfer Syntax (Explicit VR) ............................................................................................

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A.3. DICOM Big Endian Transfer Syntax (Explicit VR) ............................................................................................

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A.4. Transfer Syntaxes For Encapsulation of Encoded Pixel Data .............................................................................

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A.4.1. JPEG Image Compression ...................................................................................................................

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A.4.2. RLE Image Compression .....................................................................................................................

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A.4.3. JPEG-LS Image Compression ..............................................................................................................

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A.4.4. JPEG 2000 Image Compression ...........................................................................................................

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A.4.5. MPEG2 Video Compression .................................................................................................................

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A.4.6. MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 High Profile / Level 4.1 Video Compression .................................................................

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A.4.7. MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 High Profile / Level 4.2 Video Compression .................................................................

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A.4.8. MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 Stereo High Profile / Level 4.2 Video Compression .......................................................

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A.4.9. HEVC/H.265 Main Profile / Level 5.1 Video Compression ...........................................................................

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A.4.10. HEVC/H.265 Main 10 Profile / Level 5.1 Video Compression .....................................................................

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A.5. DICOM Deflated Little Endian Transfer Syntax (Explicit VR) ..............................................................................

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A.6. DICOM JPIP Referenced Transfer Syntax (Explicit VR) ....................................................................................

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A.7. DICOM JPIP Referenced Deflate Transfer Syntax (Explicit VR) ..........................................................................

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A.8. SMPTE ST 2110-20 Uncompressed Progressive Active Video Transfer Syntax .....................................................

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DICOM PS3.5 2020a - Data Structures and Encoding​

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A.9. SMPTE ST 2110-20 Uncompressed Interlaced Active Video Transfer Syntax .......................................................

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A.10. : SMPTE ST 2110-30 PCM Audio Transfer Syntax .........................................................................................

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B. Creating a Privately Defined Unique Identifier (Informative) ......................................................................................

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B.1. Organizationally Derived UID ......................................................................................................................

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B.2. UUID Derived UID ....................................................................................................................................

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C. DICOM Unique Identifier Registration Process (Informative) ....................................................................................

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D. Examples of Various Pixel Data and Overlay Encoding Schemes (Informative) ............................................................

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D.1. Detailed Example of Pixel Data Encoding ......................................................................................................

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D.2. Various Additional Examples of Pixel and Overlay Data Cells ............................................................................

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D.3. Examples of Float and Double Float Pixel Data ..............................................................................................

122​

E. DICOM Default Character Repertoire (Normative) ..................................................................................................

123​

F. Encapsulated Images As Part of A DICOM Message (Informative) ............................................................................

125​

F.1. Encapsulated JPEG Encoded Images ...........................................................................................................

125​

F.2. Encapsulated JPEG-LS Encoded Images ......................................................................................................

127​

F.3. Encapsulated JPEG 2000 Encoded Images ...................................................................................................

127​

G. Encapsulated RLE Compressed Images (Normative) .............................................................................................

129​

G.1. Summary ................................................................................................................................................

129​

G.2. Byte Segments ........................................................................................................................................

129​

G.3. The RLE Algorithm ...................................................................................................................................

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G.3.1. The RLE Encoder ..............................................................................................................................

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G.3.2. The RLE Decoder ..............................................................................................................................

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G.4. Organization of RLE Compressed Frame ......................................................................................................

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G.5. RLE Header Format ..................................................................................................................................

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G.6. Example of Elements For An Encoded YCbCr RLE Three-frame Image with Basic Offset Table ...............................

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H. Character Sets and Person Name Value Representation in the Japanese Language (Informative) ...................................

133​

H.1. Character Sets for the Japanese Language ...................................................................................................

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H.1.1. JIS X 0201 .......................................................................................................................................

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H.1.2. JIS X 0208 .......................................................................................................................................

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H.1.3. JIS X 0212 .......................................................................................................................................

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H.2. Internet Practice .......................................................................................................................................

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H.3. Example of Person Name Value Representation in the Japanese Language .........................................................

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H.3.1. Value 1 of Attribute Specific Character Set (0008,0005) is Not Present. ........................................................

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H.3.2. Value 1 of Attribute Specific Character Set (0008,0005) is ISO 2022 IR 13. ....................................................

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I. Character Sets and Person Name Value Representation in the Korean Language (Informative) .......................................

139​

I.1. Character Sets For The Korean Language in DICOM ........................................................................................

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I.2. Example of Person Name Value Representation in the Korean Language .............................................................

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I.3. Example of Long Text Value Representation in the Korean Language Without Explicit Escape Sequences Between Char-​

acter Sets .....................................................................................................................................................

140​

J. Character Sets and Person Name Value Representation using Unicode UTF-8, GB18030 and GBK (Informative) ...............

143​

J.1. Example of Person Name Value Representation in the Chinese Language Using Unicode .......................................

143​

J.2. Example of Long Text Value Representation in the Chinese Language Using Unicode ............................................

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J.3. Example of Person Name Value Representation in the Chinese Language Using GB18030 .....................................

144​

J.4. Example of Long Text Value Representation in the Chinese Language Using GB18030 ..........................................

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J.5. Person Name Value Representation in Other Languages Using Unicode ..............................................................

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K. Character Sets and Person Name Value Representation in the Chinese Language with Code Extensions (Informative) .......

147​

K.1. Character Sets for the Chinese Language in DICOM .......................................................................................

147​

K.2. Example of Person Name Value Representation in the Chinese Language ...........................................................

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K.3. Example of Long Text Value Representation in the Chinese Language with GB2312 G1 .........................................

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