Материал: Атеросклероз на английском языке для иностранцев
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Kuban State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestation
Ischemic heart disease
Department of Internal Propedeutics
diseases
Atherosclerosis is a systemic pathological process, developing in the arteries of the elastic and muscular types, characterized by the deposition in the intima of atherogenic apoprotein-in containing lipoproteins with subsequent proliferation of connective tissue.
Etiopathogenesis:
It all comes down to the damaging effect of various risk factors for vascular endothelium. Endothelial proliferation begins and migration of macrophages into the vascular wall. Through damaged endothelium during the inner shell of the vessel is penetrated ipids and cholesterol that form atheromatous plaque. atheromatous plaque leads to stenosis of the vessel, induces activation of blood clots, which leads to ischemia and / or necrosis of the affected organ.
There are 5 main classes of lipoproteins:
-The largest are chylomicrons;
-very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) (pre-B - lipoproteins);
-low density lipoprotein (LDL) (B lipoproteins);
-high density lipoprotein (HDL) (a - lipoproteins);
-lipoproteins a-small - LP (a).
The content of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood:
Index |
Norm |
Border level |
Elevated level |
Total |
<5 |
5,0-6,18 |
6,21 mmol/1 |
cholesterol |
mmol/l |
mmol/l |
|
LDL |
|
|
|
|
<3 |
3,0-4,11 mmol/l |
>4,1 mmol/l |
|
mmol/l |
|
|
HDL |
>1 mmol/l |
|
|
Triglycerid |
<2 |
2,0-4,52 |
>4,52 mmol/l |
es |
mmol/l |
mmol/l |
|