Материал: 89

1. …….. the form of government Americans have established for themselves.

2.….. written laws enacted by Congress, state legislatures, or local governing authorities in response to a perceived need to clarify the function of government.

3.…… Statutes enacted by a municipal (city) or county government.

4.…… legal action a person takes to resolve a private dispute with another person.

Exercise 4. Answer these questions

1. In addition to maintaining order, laws also serve to protect ownership of property, regulate certain businesses.

2.Criminal law must clearly describe the unacceptable behavior and set a punishment for it .

3.Court's interpretation of constitutional provisions, clarifying the meaning of a statute or rule as applied to a specific set of facts.

4.The person filing the lawsuit must have a recognized cause of action and sometimes, law enforcement's actions in enforcing a law.

TEXT 2. Basic Concepts of the U.S. Constitution

Exercise 1. Find these words and word combinations in the text.

a)law enforcement officers

b)abuse of power

d)equal before the law

e)amendments to the Constitution

f)to resolve issues

g)supremacy clause

Exercise 2. Say if the sentences are true or false.

1.F

2.T

3.F

4.F

5.T

6.T

Exercise 3. Match these words and synonyms.

Exercise 4. Complete these sentences.

1. ....governmental abuse of power and defines law enforcement's authority to act.

2. ......in the first ten amendments to the Constitution, which are known as the Bill of Rights

3. ...... freedom of speech, protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, and prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment , etc.

4. ....form a contract between the people of the United States and the United States government that spells out the responsibilities and authority of the three branches of government.

5. ... that laws conflict, federal law generally overrules state and local law.

Exercise 5. Answer these questions

1.the limitations that the Constitution sets and the case law decisions that interpret those limitations. Certain amendments are particularly relevant to law enforcement.

2.law enforcement activities .

3.within which the government operates and establishes laws.

4.Yes, they can

TEXT 3. The Bill of Rights

Exercise 1. Find these words and word combinations in the text.

a)officer liability

b)disorderly conduct

d)the right to bear arms

e)unreasonable search

f)indictment

g)double jeopardy

h)due process of law

Exercise 2. Fill in the appropriate prepositions.

1 of , to

2.by, for

3.with, over

4.for

5.without

6.within

7.to

Exercise 3. Match these terms and their definitions.

1.f

2.c

3.d

4.e

5.b

6.a

Exercise 4. Answer these questions.

1.the First, Second, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments.

2.freedom of speech, press, peaceful assembly, and religion and the right to bear arms.

3.unreasonable search and seizure.

4.prohibiting compelled self-incrimination

TEXT 4. Types of the US police

Exercise 1. Match the word combinations and their translation.

1 - e

2- a

3- b

4- g

5- i

6- c

7- d

8- f

9- h

Exercise 2. Say if the sentences are true or false.

1.F

2.T

3.F

4.F

5.T

6.T

Exercise 3. Answer these questions.

1.Policing in the United States is conducted by numerous types of agency at many different levels.

2.to enforce federal laws not only at the federal level, but also state, county, and local in many circumstances.

3.Once the fugitive crosses a state line he violates the federal law of interstate flight and is subject to federal jurisdiction.

4.by Sheriffs' Departments or Offices and County police.

5.Full-service , limited service and restricted service.

6.Municipal police range from one-officer agencies to the 40,000 men and women of the New York City Police Department.

7.transit police, campus police, airport police, park police or police departments responsible for protecting government property.

TEXT 5. Categories and Classes of Offenses

Exercise 1. Find these words and word combinations in the text.

a)an offense

b)a felony

d)a misdemeanor

e)a violent career criminal

f)habitual felony offender

g)civil penalty .

Exercise 2. Complete these word partnerships.

1.h

2.g

3.f

4.e

5.d

6.c

7.b

8.a

Exercise 3. Complete these sentences.

1. ....... acts that are punishable under law.

2. ...... the severity of the offense's maximum or minimum penalty.

3. ...... defendants who have been classified as a violent career criminal, or habitual felony offender.

4. ......when the crime was committed and the type of crime committed.

5 . ...... any criminal offense with a maximum incarceration penalty in a county jail up to one year.

6....... a noncriminal violation.

Exercise 4. Answer these questions.

1.as either felony or misdemeanor.

2.5

3.a capital felony.

4.- violent offenses committed against law enforcement officers, correctional officers, State Attorneys, Assistant State Attorneys, and judges

- wearing a mask, hood, etc. to conceal identity while committing a felony or misdemeanor

- wearing a bulletproof vest while committing certain offenses -evidencing prejudice while committing a crime (hate crimes) -possessing a weapon while committing a crime

-unlawful taking, possessing, or using of a law enforcement officer's firearm during the commission of a crime

-committing a misdemeanor or felony that facilitated or furthered an act of terrorism.

5. A first-degree and a second-degree one.