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vehicles, and long queues of (1) .... vehicles are a common sight. Indeed some cities end up being almost permanently (2) …. during the day. Those that have a relatively free (3) …. of traffic at non-peak periods of the day do not escape either. The (4) …. hour of early morning or early evening can easily see traffic brought to a (5) …. The effects of exhaust (6) …. on air pollution in cities has been well documented. Buses might be seen as the solution, but they move slowly because of the sheer (7) …. of other traffic, thus encouraging more commuters to abandon (8) …. transport.

WORD-GROUPS AND PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS

55. Take a word from each column to complete the collocations you need for each space in the text.

Dear David,

You'll never guess what's happened - I've only got a job! I saw an advert in the press for an administrative assistant at London Insurance, and sent in my CV

and a (1) … , more out of curiosity than anything else. Well, to my surprise, I got an interview, and I managed to convince them that insurance is the (2) … I intend to pursue.

Apparently, they were impressed with my ambition, especially when I said I was looking for a job with good (3) … , and a week later I was offered the job.

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They seem to look after you well - for example, I was told to send in a

(4) … so that they could reimburse my (5) … to the interview. It's little things like that which make all the difference. I was also impressed by the

(6) … at the office when I went for the interview. So I'm actually starting work on Monday! I've received my (7) … now, and it all seems very favourable. After a (8) … of one month, I'll be on a permanent contract with (9) … and paid holiday. There's even a company (10) … which I can join.

David, why don't you apply? They take on 20 new graduates each year. It would be right up your street.

Best wishes, Dan

56.Match the descriptions (a-j) with the explanations (1-10). a) Jane was headhunted by a multinational company. …

b) Pam is at the end of her tether. …

c) Mary's assistant was given the sack. …

d) Jean really has her nose to the grindstone. … e) Sue was given a golden handshake. …

f) Helen took on a new secretary. … g) Ann is on the go all day. …

h) Brenda was overlooked. … i) Judith has made good. …

j) Pauline's boss keeps her on her toes. …

1.She is always busy.

2.She doesn't have the chance to become complacent.

3.She's working hard.

4.She didn't get promoted.

5.She was offered a better job.

6.She has become successful.

7.She was dismissed.

8.She received a cash bonus on leaving her job.

9.She has run out of patience.

10.She gave someone a job.

57.Match each sentence (a-i) with a sentence from (1-9) which has a similar meaning.

a) We have to haggle. …

b) We have a nice little nest-egg … c) We spend a lot …

d) We are in debt …

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e)We don't waste money…

f)We are paid on commission …

g)We want a rise …

h)We lend money…

i)We earn a lot …

1.We have a high expenditure.

2.We are very thrifty.

3.We let people borrow from us.

4.We earn according to what we sell.

5.We argue about the price.

6.We have a high income.

7.We need higher wages.

8.We owe money.

9.We have some savings.

58.Underline the two words that are appropriate in each sentence.

1.Harry has a good salary. He gains/gets/makes over £20,000 a year.

2.Mary was awarded a grant/scholarship/subsidy to study child psychology.

3.How much did you give/pay/take for your new car?

4.Their house fetched/produced/sold for a lot more than they expected.

5.I'm going to the bank to get out/remove/withdraw the money for the

rent.

6.The manager disappeared with the receipts/takings/wages from the concert.

7.By the time Kate retired she was a fortunate/prosperous/wealthy businesswoman.

8.We had a good holiday but it was rather costly/expensive/valuable.

9.Unfortunately the old painting I found turned out to be priceless/valueless/worthless.

10.We would appreciate it if you would close/settle/pay your bill as soon as possible.

59.Complete the fixed phrases in each space by choosing a word from the box which collocates with the words in bold.

Credit, market, redundant, value, charge, fortune, investment, booming, retirement, bankrupt.

Have your shares just fallen in (1) ...value and you don't know what to do? Or have you come into a (2) … and don't know how to invest it? Well,

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whether you've been made (3) … or qualified for early (4) … , whether your business is (5) … or you've just been declared (6) … , we are the bank for you, the caring bank.

We've got the account for you and can advise you accordingly. Come over to us and you will be making a wise (7) … . We offer some of the most competitive loans and mortgages on the (8) … . Provided you maintain your account in (9) … , and at a minimum level of £500, we will offer you financial advice completely free of (10) … , whenever you request it. Can't be bad, can it?

60. Which word completes each set of collocations or fixed phrases?

1. an instrument …. 3. take …. of the situation

61. Decide which of the following uses of odd are correct.

1.You come across some very odd characters over here.

2.Come on Jack, one odd glass of beer before you leave!

3.It's odd to think that this time yesterday we were on the other side of the world.

4.I think this software is odd with my computer.

5.I'm getting an odd wind about this - it's all very suspicious.

6.Look I can't wear odd socks - everyone will laugh at me.

7.The match was mediocre - apart from the odd flash of genius from Lupeto.

8.Put your odd finger over the hole as you blow.

9.Try not to be so odd with your steps - it's supposed to be a slow

dance.

10.The question master tells you three things, and you have to say which is the odd one out.

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62. Replace the words in bold by using the most appropriate expression from the box.

get away with murder there's no getting away from it

1.If you're not careful, you're going to be dismissed.

2.Doesn't this gloomy winter weather depress you?

3.You're going to grow old one day. You can't ignore it.

4.Willie treated you really badly. How are you going to take revenge?

5.These trains start very slowly but they soon accelerate.

6.Ann talks well but she doesn't always communicate what she wants to say.

7.The pipes have burst. We must try to find a plumber

8.Let's understand each other. I don't want to go out with you!

9.Philip is the teacher's favourite. She lets him do whatever he

wants.

10.I feel awful. I can't seem to shake off this cold.

63.Colour. Complete each sentence with a colour, in an appropriate form of the word.

1.When Bill saw my new car he was …. with envy.

2.Tina never comes here now. We only see her once in a .... moon.

3.When the visitors from Japan arrived, the company gave them the

.... carpet treatment.

4.I'm fed-up with this job. I feel completely .... off.

5.Julie's letter was unexpected. It arrived completely out of the .... .

6.The .... -collar workers received a rise, but the workers on the shop floor were told they had to wait.

7.We decided to celebrate by going out and painting the town ....

8.Tony can't be trusted yet with too much responsibility, he's still

9.You can talk until you're in the face, but he still won't listen.

10.They fell deeper and deeper into the …. and then went bankrupt.

64.Feelings. Underline the most suitable word or phrase in each sentence.

1.I didn't go to the party as I felt a bit under the water/clouds/weather.

2.When he called me those names I just went/took/saw red and hit

him.

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