18. Translation of official documents
The official document style forms macromedia of verbal communication in the round of purely official human relationships. This area covers the government activity, international relations, law, trade, economy, military life, advertising, it’s in the life of the individual.
In some respects the translation of official documents is the opposite of literary translation, which provides for the freedom of actions and the choice of an interpreter.
The texts of official documents are very standardized: this concerns both the structure of the whole text (macrostructure), and separate paragraphs and sentences (microstructures).
The preamble is an introductory part. A specific description of any rules, regulations, rules, for which a document is created, is contained in the main or the operative part.
Under the «frame» we mean an organized structure of a language with the changing elements.
The changing elements inside the text frame are called slots.
Thus, the main aim of an interpreter is to find such equivalents of the source language, being the frames of the original text, which could be used in translation as standard replacements filling at the same time the slots with the frames in accordance with the content of the document The official style is represented by the following variants:
1)the language of official documents;
2)the language of legal documents;
3)the language of diplomacy;
4)the language of military documents. The typical lexical style
The prime objective of the communication of this style is to define the conditions, connecting both sides in coordination and to reach the agreement between these two counteractants.
The typical lexical means of official style’s forming include:
•Functional-colored words;
•Terms and specialized phrases;
•Set expressions and clichés of texts;
•The use of words in their logical vocabulary meaning;
•The collective nouns;
•The certain structural parts and compositions;
•The certain structural parts and compositions;
•The verbal nouns;
•The forms of a verb in the third person;
•Officialese;
•The official adverbs;
•The addresses, the initial and final expressions of respect and etc.
The language of any official document is formalized. This lets to avoid the ambiguity and different interpretations.
When translating you should keep the difficult and pretentious language, the so-called high style, the characteristic feature of which is the abundance of repetitions.
The using of set expressions – clichés, allows observing the compatibility of words, accepted in the given language.
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